we study algebraic properties of categories of merotopic, nearness, and filter algebras. we show that the category of filter torsion free abelian groups is an epireflective subcategory of the category of filter abelian groups. the forgetful functor from the category of filter rings to filter monoids is essentially algebraic and the forgetful functor from the category of filter groups to the cat...

the continuous filter is a kind of sand filter, which will operate without any interruptions for backwashing and also it accepts high-suspended solid levels in feed stream. fouled sand is continuously removed from the filter bed, washed and recycled back without interruption with filtration process. various samples of water with certain amounts of turbidity enter through a feed pipe and being d...

Existing localization approaches are divided into two groups: range-based and range-free. The range-free schemes often suffer from poor accuracy and low scalability, while the range-based localization approaches heavily depend on extra hardware capabilities or rely on the absolute RSSI values, far from practical. In this paper, an improved localization algorithm based on RSSI of wireless sensor...

Collision processes among the constituents of low-temperature hydrogen plasmas (e,H,H,H,H2,H + 2 ,H + 3 ) play a key role in technical plasma applications as well as in the boundary regions of magnetically confined fusion plasmas. In this work a review of the current knowledge on their cross sections is presented. Collision processes of electronically and vibrationally excited species are also ...

Triple-Helix arrangements of biand trilateral relations can be considered as adaptive ecosystems. During the last decade, we have further developed a Triple-Helix indicator of synergy as reduction of uncertainty in niches that can be shaped among three or more distributions. Reduction of uncertainty can be generated in correlations among distributions of relations, but this (next-order) effect ...

170 (2010) doi:10.1017/S0714980810000243 169 Last year, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) announced that it was abolishing Committee 20: Health Studies and Social Work of its research grants program and directed that applications deemed to be health research should be sent to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) grants programs. As a general poli...

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abteilung Optik, Photometrie, Postfach 33 45, 38023 Braunschweig, Germany A trilateral intercomparison of photometric units between NIST (USA), NPL (UK), and PTB (Germany) has been conducted to update the knowledge of the relationship between the photometric units disseminated in the three countries. The luminous intensity unit (cd), the luminous responsiv...

In this paper a trilateral Multi-Master-Single-Slave-System with control authority allocation between two human operators is proposed. The authority coefficient permits to slide the dominant role between the operators. They can simultaneously execute a task in a collaborative way or a trainee might haptically only observe the task, while an expert is in full control. The master devices are conn...