Effects of sub-millimeter scale heterogeneity in chemical and microbial distributions on atrazine degradation were examined using Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP introduced into soil at a population mimicking atrazine-adapted soils (~2000 cells/g), and employing a range of soil water pressures (−100, −300, −500 kPa). Heterogeneous cell distribution was employed in all treatments whereas uniformity o...

Irrigation can provide significant agronomic and financial returns on agricultural activity. The maximization of the benefits obtained from irrigation depends, among other factors, water use efficiency, which is intrinsically related to application uniformity. For sprinkler method, uniformity assessment based results labor-intensive field tests in two-dimensional distribution pattern measured a...

Background: Water in any form is the prime constitute of plant growth and development. Right amount water applied at right time quantity to crop will helpful get maximum yield potential that crop. This possible with surface drip irrigation method. Uniform application through emitters necessary aspect avail benefits like higher use efficiency irrigation. Uniformity system can be measured by vari...

Background: Due to the small size of the beamlets in IMRT (intensity modulated radiotherapy), physical penumbra is one of the important dosimetric parameters and small changes in the penumbra have a notable impact on the results. The physical penumbra width is defined as the lateral distance between two specified isodose curves at a specified depth of phantom. In this study, after demonstrating...

the non-uniformity factor is used for correction of the formulas obtained from the one-dimentional fluid flow method in a centrifugal impeller pump. the variations of radial velocity at the outlet of five centrifugal impellers with the specific speed of about ns =50 are calculated at design point by using two-dimentional potentional flow method for an invisid fluid. on the other hand~ the varia...

Objective: Calcium imaging is an essential tool for obtaining neuroactivities to understand the complex function of brain. The one-photon miniscope, most widely used endoscope in neuroscience, employed record neuronal calcium activities vivo. However, current half ball lens overlooks energy dis...