introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of training duration and case difficulty on the radiographic quality of root canal fillings performed by dental students in saudi arabia. methods and materials: a longitudinal cohort study was conducted at king saud university. root canal treatments performed by 55 dental students from 2012-2014 were included in the study. each stu...

introduction : this in vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of smear layer removal on push-out bond strength of white mineral trioxide aggregate (wmta) and calcium-enriched mixture cement (cem). materials and methods: dentin discs with 3 mm thicknesses were divided into 4 groups ( n =15): group 1: irrigation of the canal with normal saline and filling with wmta; group 2: irrigation w...

introduction : the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of smear layer on the push-out bond strength of white mineral trioxide aggregate (wmta) with and without disodium hydrogen phosphate (na 2 hpo 4 ). materials and methods: dentin discs with standard cavities were obtained from extracted human single-rooted teeth and divided to 4 groups ( n =15) according to the irrigation r...

the purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength (sbs) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared by er:yag laser with two different powers and conventional acid-etching.forty-five human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned to three groups based on conditioning method: group 1- conventional etching with 37% phosphoric acid; group 2- irradiation ...

introduction: transportation is an important iatrogenic endodontic error which might cause failure. this study evaluated the canal transportation caused by neoniti and protaper instruments, using cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) cross sections. methods and materials: this in vitro experimental study was performed on 40 mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars. the teeth were scanned with...

Preparing the paediatric patient for their operating room experience can be a complex process because of the many individuals involved.4 36 38 Preparation begins before patients have seen an anaesthetist because they will learn of their impending surgery from the surgeon. Surgical colleagues and their support staff can help to ease parents’ anxieties by assuring them that their child will recei...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for the investigation of the microstructure of materials, providing crystallographic information and composition at the nanometer scale. For such studies, samples should be transparent to the electron beam. In this review, TEM sample preparation techniques for different classes of materials, such as metals and alloys, multilayered coatin...

A monoclonal antibody, EBM/11, was raised against isolated human lung macrophages. Immunohistochemically this antibody reacted with freshly isolated lung macrophages and blood monocytes, mononuclear cells (presumptive macrophages) in sections of lung, skin, stomach, small and large bowel, pancreas, spleen, tonsil, placenta, liver, gall bladder, heart, thyroid, pituitary, brain, and peritubular ...