The vulnerability of civil GPS receiver to interference may be intentional or unintentional. Among all types of interference, replay attack intended as the most dangerous intentional one. The signal structure of replay attack is almost the same with the satellite signal. The interference effects can be reduce with the design of an appropriate filter in the receiver. This paper presents two meth...

This paper proposes a new method for rejecting the Continuous Wave Interferences (CWI) in the Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. The proposed filter is made by cascading an adaptive Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and a Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) based filter. Although adaptive FIR filters are easy to implement and have a linear phase, they create self-noise in the rejection of...

FUSE-binding protein (FBP)-interacting repressor (FIR) is a c-myc transcriptional suppressor. A splice variant of FIR that lacks exon 2 in the transcriptional repressor domain (FIRΔexon2) upregulates c-myc transcription by inactivating wild-type FIR. The ratio of FIRΔexon2/FIR mRNA was increased in human colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Because FIRΔexon2 is considered to ...

Forest pathogens and insects can accelerate tree mortality, increase stand structural heterogeneity, and alter tree community composition. In northern California, the canopy trees Abies concolor var. lowiana (Gord. & Glend.) Lemmon (white fir) and Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirbel) Franco (Douglas-fir) co-occur but vary in shade tolerance and regenerative abilities following disturba...

We present the characterization and design of multidimensional oversampled FIR filter banks. In the polyphase domain, the perfect reconstruction condition for an oversampled filter bank amounts to the invertibility of the analysis polyphase matrix, which is a rectangular FIR matrix. For a nonsubsampled FIR filter bank, its analysis polyphase matrix is the FIR vector of analysis filters. A major...

In this research, a new platform for the Fuzzy Inductive Reasoning (FIR) methodology has been designed and developed under the Matlab environment. The new tool, named Visual-FIR, allows the identification of dynamic systems models in a user-friendly environment. FIR offers a model-based approach to modeling and predicting either univariate or multivariate time series. Previous uses of FIR had d...

Radio flux densities of Shapley-Ames galaxies at λ2.8 cm from Niklas et al. (1995a, Paper I) and at λ20 cm from Condon (1987, C87) have been used to investigate the radio – far infrared (FIR) correlation at two different radio wavelengths. The correlation between monochromatic radio and the FIR luminosity was found to be non-linear (P2.8cm ∝ L1.09±0.04 FIR and P20cm ∝ L1.23±0.05 FIR ). Galaxies...