در این تحقیق به مقایسه تحلیلی و عددی آبشار جریان برگشتی مدل R با آبشارهای Q QI سیستم‌­های چندجزیی پایدار پرداخته می‌­شود. راستا برای اولین بار کدهای جهت طراحی منظور کد نرم‌افزار متلب نوشته شده‌­اند. نتایج نشان می‌­دهد که دو جزء 1k 2k از خوراک Nc جزء، تعداد معدودی قابل تعریف است همگی حالات خاصی می­‌باشد. هم‌­چنین یافته‌­ها مجموع مقدار برش جزیی همیشه برابر یک است. طریق داده می‌­شود صورتی میانگین ...

When evaluating of the senior manager’s performance is based on the achieving to budget and they have responsibility to report the capacity of resources which are in their part too; it is possible to create budget slack and effect on their performance evaluation by providing pessimistic and conservatively estimates or manipulated information of income and expenses. So, Senior Manager and Budget...

the relationship between added value of economic activities and the governments budget along with the impact of this budget on the employment of economic activities are among the issues that economic decision-makers and analysts assume to be crucial. classification of statistical data has not yet allowed experts and decision-makers to evaluate the governments role in production and employment i...

Indifference-zone-selection procedures have been widely studied and applied to determine the required sample sizes for selecting a good design from k alternatives. However, efficiency is still a key concern for application of simulation to ranking and selection problems. In this paper, we present a new approach that can further enhance the efficiency of indifferencezone-selection procedures. Ou...

The Loanable funds theory Hypotheses: Individuals care only about real variables (output gains or losses, purchasing-power gains or losses). The marginal productivity of capital assets (MPK) is given and determined by the technical characteristics of the productive assets. It represents the gain, in terms of output, obtained by increasing the capacity of production by one additional capital ass...

با توجه به رشد بالای جمعیت در جهان و نیاز اطمینان از امنیت غذایی، افزایش تولید واحد سطح محصولات زراعی به‌منزلة راهبردی اساسی حل مسئلة تأمین غذا به‌شمار می‌رود. سوی دیگر، وجود محدودیت زیرکشت پایین‌بودن میانگین عملکرد برخی کشاورزی مانند گندم کشور، محصول می‌تواند راهکاری عملی پاسخ کشور محسوب شود. یکی مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های فوزاریوم است که، نقش پیش‌بینی این بیماری جلوگیری کاهش بهره‌وری محصول، مدل‌هایی...

A large panel of German municipalities is employed in order to investigate the dynamic fiscal policy adjustment of local jurisdictions using a VEC model which explicitly takes account of the intertemporal budget constraint. The results confirm the central role of expenditure adjustment, nevertheless a substantial part of adjustment is due to changes in intergovernmental transfers, in particular...