Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar (DYY), yerli yatırım için fon arzını artırarak ev sahibi ülkede sermaye oluşumunu teşvik etmek önemli bir araçtır. Teorik olarak, DYY ile ithalat arasında olumlu veya olumsuz ilişki mevcut olabilir. Dolayısıyla DYY’nin ihracat ve üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, arasındaki Türkiye 1990-2020 dönemini kapsayan veriler kullanılarak To...

Climate change can disrupt food availability and reduce access to by affecting agricultural production in the world. Thus, current empirical study investigates impacts of climate on rice over different regions Punjab, Pakistan for period 1979–2018. The bound test co-integration method with autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was used explore symmetric relationship between production. Furtherm...

در این تحقیق به مقایسه تحلیلی و عددی آبشار جریان برگشتی مدل R با آبشارهای Q QI سیستم‌­های چندجزیی پایدار پرداخته می‌­شود. راستا برای اولین بار کدهای جهت طراحی منظور کد نرم‌افزار متلب نوشته شده‌­اند. نتایج نشان می‌­دهد که دو جزء 1k 2k از خوراک Nc جزء، تعداد معدودی قابل تعریف است همگی حالات خاصی می­‌باشد. هم‌­چنین یافته‌­ها مجموع مقدار برش جزیی همیشه برابر یک است. طریق داده می‌­شود صورتی میانگین ...

Abstract With the rapid expansion of RMB exchange rate’s floating range, effects rate and global commodity price changes on China’s stock prices are likely to increase. This study uses both auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) approaches explore symmetric asymmetric prices. Our findings show that without considering critical variable prices, there is no cointegration re...

Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions have been increasing for over four years, making it difficult to achieve the 2030 agenda reduce emissions. Also, in recent decades, Australia has experiencing a rapid increase economic globalization. The critical question of policy concern is, ‘what are environmental implications globalization Australia?’ This article investigates asymmetric effect on carbon...

The nonlinear interaction of oil prices, inflation, the exchange rate, institutional quality, and trade balance on tourist arrivals in Bangladesh is scrutinized this study. technique utilized study, Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL), a novel co-integrating strategy. yearly time series data used study spanned 1995 to 2019. NARDL bound test performed assess if variables like are co...

The argument on the behaviour of government expenditure toward reducing poverty level is still controversial among economists and policymakers. This study investigates role development in alleviating Malaysia. employs a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model from 1970 to 2019 using annual time series data. bounds test NARDL specification suggests presence cointegration variables...