increasing academic and professional language demands around the world are not a deniable fact. the purpose of this study was to investigate english language needs and communication needs of the chemistry students at master and ph.d. levels at the iranian universities. in this research, different methods were used including un-structured interview, structured interview, and two sets of question...

the ability to speak two languages in the world is a remarkable achievement. there is a good reason to believe that bilingualism is the norm for the majority of people in the world because 70% of the earth’s population are supposed to be bilingual or multilingual. various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition, and this influence is adapted by the de...

مدل anova با m عامل تثبیت شده، اثرهای متقابل و جملات خطا را که لزوما دارای توزیع نرمال نیستند در نظر بگیرید. در این پایان نامه به بررسی حساسیت مجانبی آماره ی آزمون f برای آزمون اثرهای اصلی و متقابل پرداخته می شود، تحت این فرض که تعداد سطوح عامل a1 به بی نهایت میل می کند، در حالی که تعداد سطوح عوامل a2، a3 ....و am و تعداد تکرارها در هر ترکیب تیماری متناهی است. فرض کنید واریانس جملات خطا در بی...

current studies in second language (l2) learning have revealed the positive role of corrective feedback (cf) in both oral and written forms in different language features. the present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of both direct and indirect written corrective feedback (wcf) on the use of grammatical collocations in l2 writing. the study also sought to examine whether the effec...

recent years have witnessed an increased attention to form focused instruction and consciousness raising activities (ellis, 2002; doughty & williams, 1998) on the one hand and extensive and meaningful exposure to the target language (klapper & rees, 2003; day & bamford, 1998) on the other. due to significance attributed to above mentioned issues by scholars, this study attempted to bridge them ...