…………………………………………………………………………………… 8 1 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………… 10 2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ………………………………………………………… 12 2.1 The Eye ………………………………………………………………………………… 12 2.2 Blood Circulation in the Eye …………………………………………………………… 12 2.2.1 Regulation of Blood Circulation ………………………………………………… 13 2.3 Aqueous Humour Dynamics and Intraocular Pressure ………………………………… 14 2.4 Glaucoma …………………………...

PURPOSE To evaluate the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor after a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS In this prospective interventional case series study, 24 eyes of 24 patients with types 1 and 2 choroidal neovascularization secondary to neovascular AMD were trea...

Composite data describing ocular pharmacokinetics are unreliable because of intersubject variation. To address this problem, an animal model was developed in which multiple aqueous samples from single subjects were obtained. Following direct anterior chamber or intravenous administration of amikacin or chloramphenicol, pharmacokinetic analysis of drug concentrations in the serum and anterior ch...

PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the roles of caspase 1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in inflammation-induced inhibition of lacrimal gland secretion. METHODS Lacrimal gland inflammation was induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; to study the role of caspase 1) or IL-1beta (to study the role of ERK). Lacrimal gland protein secretion was me...

introduction: in the present study, we hypothesized that a novel approach to promote vascularization would be to create injectable three dimensional (3-d) scaffolds within growth factor that enhance the sustained release of growth factor and induce the angiogenesis. material and methods: we demonstrate that a 3-d scaffold can be formed by mixing of peptide-amphiphile (pa) aqueous solution with ...

BACKGROUND It has been elucidated that Berberis vulgaris (barberry) can alleviate morphine withdrawal syndrome. Also it has been reported that aqueous extract of barberry possibly have inhibitory effect on NMDA receptors. OBJECTIVES In this study, we decided to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of B. vulgaris fruit on morphine tendency in mice using conditioned place preference (CPP) me...

Objective. To prospectively evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on aqueous levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and correlate clinical outcomes with cytokine levels. Methods. 30 eyes of 30 patients with exudative AMD underwent intravitreal injection of bevacizumab three times at...

      The effect of aqueous extract of Nepata glomerulosa Boiss. aerial parts on morphine withdrawal syndrome was investigated in mice. Dependence was induced by subcutaneous injections of morphine for 3 consecutive days. On day 4, morphine was injected 2 h prior to intraperitoneal injection of naloxone. The number of jumps during a 20 min. period after naloxone injection was considere...

Exogenous corticosteroids (dexamethasone, cortisol) inhibit the adrenal secretion of corticosterone in the rabbit and decrease the concentration of corticosterone in aqueous humour, increase glycaemia and cause a rise in glucose concentration in the aqueous. Except for a slight rise 16 h after the corticosteroid administration no effect on plasma or aqueous content of total protein was observed...

An intramuscular injection of 8-16 Lf tetanus toxoid in water-in-oil emulsion protected adult horses against tetanus for at least 128 weeks. A booster dose of 8 Lf toxoid in aqueous solution protected them for a further period of at least 3 1/2 years. Colostral immunity protected foals for at least 10 weeks. An intramuscular injection of 8 Lf toxoid in water-in-oil emulsion given to foals from ...