introduction: water vapor spreads in molecular, unstable and erratic phase and transfers by convection and advection process. this transfer happens from the earth and oceans' surfaces to the atmosphere by the hot air. this type of this transfer is considered as the main pattern. in the studies of the atmosphere, one of the prominent factors to be considered is the complexity of water vapor...

precipitation patterns are influenced by many factors, such as global atmospheric circulations to name but one. precipitation patterns in iran have always had great fluctuations even in a smaller scale like the alburz mountain range. the present research has tried to find the relationship between global atmospheric patterns and the pervasive precipitation ones in alburz. for doing so, 17 climat...

Rayleigh optical depth values obtained from various computations, tabulations, and parameterizations are not always in good agreement. Important differences as large as 3 or 4% can arise depending on the choice of depolarization factor, the formula used for the refractive index of air, and the choice of standard values for columnar and molecular number densities. The fitting equations generally...

There is a unique SU(4) ⊗ SU(2)L ⊗ SU(2)R gauge model which allows quarks and leptons to be unified at the TeV scale. It is already known that the neutrino masses arise radiatively in the model and are naturally light. We study the atmospheric, solar and LSND neutrino anomalies within the framework of this model.

Technical note: A new comprehensive SCAVenging submodel for global atmospheric chemistry modelling H. Tost, P. Jöckel, A. Kerkweg, R. Sander, and J. Lelieveld Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max-Planck Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany Received: 16 August 2005 – Accepted: 20 September 2005 – Published: 2 November 2005 Correspondence to: H. Tost ([email protected]...