the present study investigated any probable relationship between theidentity processing styles and l2 literacy of advanced persian efl learners. theparticipants included 160 (female = 109, male = 51) advanced efl iranian learners.the instruments used included a simulation of the toefl ibt test, measuring theparticipants’ l2 literacy-related proficiency, reading, and writing, and the identitysty...

A large ongoing debate centers on the costs and benefits of increasing the minimum wage in an economy. Supporters of minimum wage legislation highlight that it can shift the earnings distribution in favor of low-paid workers by shrinking the bottom tail of the distribution. Opponents highlight its disemployment effect and the fact that it might reduce the share of earnings going to low-paid wor...

This essay re-examines the once promising idea that style analysis can provide an independent source of insight into artifact's non-stylistic context. The makes explicit consequences treating collective as such a in archaeology and anthropology art, further develops new framing for avoids criticisms largely responsible decline theoretical interest epistemic import visual since World War II. re-...

In a market where sellers compete by posting trading mechanisms, we allow for a general search technology and show that its features crucially affect the equilibrium mechanism. Price posting prevails when meetings are rival, i.e., when a meeting by one buyer reduces another buyer’s meeting probability. Under price posting buyers reveal their type by sorting ex ante. Only if the meeting technolo...

Effective policies, institutions and processes (PIP) are recognised as essential in sustaining livelihoods. Together, they shape poor people’s livelihood options. Although the importance of policy and institutional issues is widely recognised, approaches to reform are generally poorly understood. This section of the Guidance Sheets focuses on the concepts, methods and tools needed to help desig...