We have previously reported a natural GTAA deletion within an intronic splicing processing element (ISPE) of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene that disrupts a non-canonical U1 snRNP interaction and activates the excision of the upstream portion of the intron. The resulting pre-mRNA splicing intermediate is then processed to a cryptic exon, whose aberrant inclusion in the final mRNA i...

Standard genetic association tests using case-control data are based on certain assumptions about the population from which study subjects were sampled. Two types of departure from these assumptions have been studied: population stratification and cryptic relatedness. Both types of departure have been called population structure. Each can lead to erroneous inferences due to differences between ...

the fundamental doctrine of eastern culture is based on the ethics. this is a thought found in every, even tiny, lesson taught to the children. in fact, all the values are takes from the life, even apparently materialistic but spiritual deep inside. here, in order to exalt the soul and to fulfill the valuable status an endless effort of the man is taken in his life. therefore, no boundary can b...

The intensity scattered by particles randomly placed beneath a rough interface is studied with rigorous simulations. It is shown that the angular intensity pattern is close to that obtained by adding the intensity scattered by particles under a flat surface to that scattered by a rough homogeneous surface whose permittivity is evaluated with an effective-medium theory. This heuristic splitting ...

"Impossibility, theorems" have recently appeared in the AI literature which have been interpreted as forbidding truth-functional uncertainty calculi. Such "logicist" calculi do in fact exist. For example, case-based reasoning principles entail a truth-functional probabilityagreeing scheme whose strengths and weaknesses are not so different from those of the usual belief representation methods. ...

The orderly expression of specific genes is the basis for cell differentiation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two haploid mating types, a and α cells, in which the mating-specific genes are differentially expressed. When a and α cells are committed to mate, their growth is arrested. Here we show that a cryptic polyadenylation site is present inside the coding region of the a-specific STE2 gene, ...

The fourth exon of the mouse polymeric immuno-globulin receptor (pIgR) is 654 nt long and, despite being surrounded by large introns, is constitutively spliced into the mRNA. Deletion of an 84 nt sequence from this exon strongly activated both cryptic 5' and 3' splice sites surrounding a 78 nt cryptic intron. The 84 nt deletion is just upstream of the cryptic 3' splice site; the cryptic 3' spli...