The RNA3 species of the beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), a multipartite positive-stranded RNA phytovirus, contains the 'core' nucleotide sequence required for its systemic movement in Beta macrocarpa. Within this 'core' sequence resides a conserved "coremin" motif of 20 nucleotides that is absolutely essential for long-distance movement. RNA3 undergoes processing steps to yield a noncod...

To study molecular evolutionary characteristics and genetics of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) isolates population from Iran, nucleotide sequences of p25 and coat protein (CP) were determined and the amino acids sequences thus deduced were analyzed using phylogenetic and population genetics methods. A survey of BNYVV in Iran indicated the infection of 288 collected samples out of 392 s...

RNA3 and RNA4 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) are not essential for virus multiplication, but are associated with vector-mediated infection and disease development in sugar beet roots. Here, a unique role for RNA4 in virus transmission, virulence and RNA silencing suppression was demonstrated. Mutagenic analysis revealed that the RNA4-encoded p31 open reading frame (ORF) was involved...

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a multipartite RNA virus. BNYVV RNA3 does not accumulate in non-host transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants when expressed using a 35S promoter. However, a 3'-derivative species has been detected in transgenic plants and in transient expression assays conducted in Nicotiana benthamiana and Beta macrocarpa. The 3'-derivative species is similar to the pr...

during the summer of 2004, a survey was conducted to determine the incidence and distribution of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) and its vector (polymyxa betae keskin) in marvdasht, fars province of iran.  a total of 353 root samples were collected randomly as well as 124 samples from plants showing rhizomania- associated symptoms.  the presence of bnyvv in the samples were tested by tr...

Systemic movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) in Beta macrocarpa depends on viral RNA3, whereas in Nicotiana benthamiana this RNA is dispensable. RNA3 contains a coremin motif of 20 nucleotides essential for the stabilization of noncoding RNA3 (ncRNA3) and for long-distance movement in Beta species. Coremin mutants that are unable to accumulate ncRNA3 also do not achieve systemic...

The complete nucleotide sequence (5845 nucleotides) of the genomic RNA of the potexvirus white clover mosaic virus (WC1MV) has been determined from a set of overlapping cDNA clones. Forty of the most 5'-terminal nucleotides of WC1MV showed homology to the 5' sequences of other potexviruses. The genome contained five open reading frames which coded for proteins of Mr 147, 417, Mr 26,356, Mr 12,9...

The complete nucleotide sequence of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) RNA-2 has been determined from a study of cloned cDNA. The RNA sequence is 4612 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail. There are six long open reading frames (ORFs) in the sequence. The viral coat protein cistron is the ORF nearest to the 5' terminus and the coat protein amber termination codon is followed b...

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus is the etiological agent of one of the most devastating sugar beet viral diseases: rhizomania. This review describes the molecular biology of the rhizomania disease, the functions of the BNYVV encoded proteins, the consequences of their expression as well as the biology of the BNYVV vector, Polymyxa betae. Root proliferation is an important part of the well-known...