in the name of God, most gracious, most merciful Physiology and Pharmacology Indexing: Index Copernicus (IC), Scientific Information Database (SID) Physiology and Pharmacology is the official publication of the Iranian Society of Physiology and Pharmacology. The journal publishes full-length original articles in physiology, pharmacology and related subjects. Editorial office: ...

Background In 2004, the health system in Iran initiated an organizational reform aiming to increase the autonomy of teaching hospitals and make them more decentralized. The policy led to the formation of a board of trustees in each hospital and significant modifications in hospitals’ financing. Since the reform aimed to improve its predecessor policy (implementation of hospital autonomy began i...

as milk is a liquid compound, it needs containers at every stages of movement. the first significant development in milk packaging created at the end of nineteenth century. the flavor changes and shelf life of pasteurized milk and ultra pasteurized milk are affected by processing conditions, packaging materials and microbial growth. off-flavor is an effective factor on reduction of milk quality...

One of the issues that have gained a lot of attention in recent years is the board gender diversity. Many researchers believe that gender diversity in the board reinforces corporate social responsibility and on the other hand, gender diversity is one of the signs and effects of corporate social responsibility in the board, so there is a mutual relationship between board gender diversity and cor...

In the present study, we examined changes in immunoreactivity (ir) for the y-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC7) in mouse hippocampus in relation to spatial memory processes employing the monoclonal antibody 36G9 raised against purified PKC7. Learning and memory were assessed by performance in a free-choice spatial pattern paradigm in a hole board in which the animals learned the pattern of 4 ba...

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The methods and processes described in this manuscript have been approved and adopted by the NOF Board of Trustees on November 11, 2015. This manuscript has been peer-reviewed by the NOF Research Committee and Osteoporosis International. The National Osteoporosis Foundation frequently publishes position statements for the benefit of educating healthcare professionals and the general public on a...