Tumor microenvironment is characterized by a consistent reduction in oxygen and blood-borne nutrients that significantly affects the metabolism of distinct cell subsets. Immune cells populating malignant lesions need to activate alternative pathways to overcome tumor-prolonged nutrient deprivation. In particular, the metabolic switch occurring in transforming tissues dramatically impacts on tum...

The use of local excision to treat T2 and NX rectal cancers is highly controversial as lymph node metastasis can occur in up to 28% of cases (123). The treatment of choice in these cases is therefore total mesorectal excision (124). An alternative proposed by the NCCN (23) and classifi ed as a category 2B recommendation (lower-level evidence and nonuniform consensus) is the administration of ch...

objective botulism is the acute, descending, flaccid paralysis that results when the neurotoxin of clostridium botulinum blocks neuromuscular transmission. c botulinum toxin is the most poisonous substance that blocks neuromuscular transmission and causes death through airway and respiratory muscle paralysis; all forms of botulism manifest neurologically as asymmetric, descending, flaccid paral...

an investigation was made to study the residual activity and air- borne effect of pirimiphos- methyl, at 2g a.i./m2 in hut scale trials on different surfaces in kazeroun, and bandar-abbas, south of iran. in kazeroun area, bio-assay contact mortality test with pirimiphos methyl on mud, wood, cement and plaster surfaces, 54 days after hut spraying, decreased from 100% to 46.7%, 61.25%, 36.6% and ...

background: there is a variation in trends of oral cancers all over the world. many studies have reported evidence of increasing incidence in oral cancers during recent years. the purpose of this study was to investigate time trends and changes in demographic distribution of oral cancers incidence in isfahan during 1991-2010. materials and methods: in this retrospective analytic study, we colle...

a thorough recognition of the nature and duties of the genes is based upon having adequate information about the proteins. however, the proteomic projects follow a slow trend; therefore, solving the protein-related problems has become as one of the most important challenges in bio-informatics. consequently, the presence of tools which can enhance the structural recognition, classification, and ...

cancer registration is an important source for measuring the burden of cancer in a population. in practice, however, quite frequently incorrect patients are registered or data items can be inaccurately recorded or not recorded at all. also the process or quality of these registrations varies among countries. in this paper, we briefly discussed some statistical techniques including; mortality an...

Background and purpose: Transverse problems in the maxilla (high arched- narrow hard plates) can cause respiratory disorders. Palatal expansion can be helpful in this way. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of bone borne expansion and tooth borne palatal expansion on airway volume. Materials and methods: A review study was performed by search in Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Em...

objective: due to the alarming increase the incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases and increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics need to discover new strong antimicrobial compounds is feeling.methods: in this study, the antimicrobial properties of spider silk pholcus phalangioides produced in sterile conditions against two bacteria, listeria monocytogenes and esherichia coli with ...