We investigate DNA breathing dynamics by suggesting and examining several Brownian functionals associated with bubble lifetime and reactivity. Bubble dynamics is described as an overdamped random walk in the number of broken base pairs. The walk takes place on the Poland-Scheraga free-energy landscape. We suggest several probability distribution functions that characterize the breathing process...

Amongst the variety of complex phenomena encountered in nonlinear physics, a hysteretic effect can be expected on ultrasound cavitation due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of bubble dynamics. When applying successive ultrasound shots for increasing and decreasing acoustic intensities, a hysteretic behaviour is experimentally observed on inertial cavitation activity, with a loop area sensitive to ...

Industrial bubble column reactor for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis includes complex hydrodynamic, chemical and thermal interaction of three material phases: population of bubbles of different sizes, liquid and catalyst particles suspended in liquid. To simulate FT bubble column, a Computational Fluid Dynamics model is described here. The model is based on Eulerian multifluid formulation and ac...

Breaking waves at the ocean’s surface inject bubbles and turbulence into the water column. During periods of rough weather the scales of wave breaking will increase with increasing sea states and result in mixing of the surface waters and the turbulent transport of bubbles to depth. Depending on their concentrations and size distribution, the entrained bubbles can significantly change the optic...

[1] The evolution of bubbles in a turbulent oceanic boundary layer is simulated using a multi-size multi-gas bubble model coupled with a Large Eddy Simulation model. Bubbles injected by breaking waves are brought into the boundary layer by episodic bubble plumes, and they form near-surface streaks in the convergence zone of Langmuir circulations. The equilibrium bubble distribution decays expon...

introduction membrane bioreactor (mbr) is an effective technology for wastewater treatment and water reuse which is becoming increasingly popular due to its numerous applications and advantages over conventional activated sludge process. this novel technology have advantages of small footprint, high concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (mlss), high removal efficiency of chemical oxyge...

DNA exists stably in the double-stranded structure at physiological temperatures, but base pairs are observed to unbind locally, giving way to bubbles (i.e., locally denatured states) due to thermal fluctuation. In this study, we consider the effect of sequence on the bubble statistics. On the basis of the Edwards equation description [W. Sung and J.-H. Jeons, Phys. Rev. E 69, 031902 (2004) ], ...