Electric power utilities face increasing demand for service reliability. Since cloud-toground lightning strikes are among the most frequent yet least understood causes of service interruption, predicting the geographical and temporal distribution of the lightning strikes can help power system planners and designers improve the protection of new and existing transmission lines. Lightning is the ...

We used scaled experimental (analog) models with wet clay to investigate how conjugate sets of steeply dipping strike-slip faults affect deformation patterns during a subsequent phase of extension. In all twophase experiments, an initial phase of strike-slip deformation produces a long, wide deformation zone consisting of subvertical Riedel shears; synthetic R-shears and antithetic R'-shears tr...

We consider impulsive manipulation to be any form of manipulation consisting of two phases: a strike to the object imparting some initial velocities and free motion of that object subject to forces and constraints in the environment. In this work, we have focused on manipulation of planar sliders by tapping. After being struck, the object slides on the support surface, slowing down and coming t...

During the Asian financial crises, interest rates were raised immediately, and then reduced sharply. We describe an environment in which this is the optimal monetary policy. ∗Northwestern University and Tilburg University. †Northwestern University, and NBER. ‡International Monetary Fund. §Braggion thanks the European Central Bank-Research Department for its hospitality. Christiano is grateful f...

Veterinary surgeons are sometimes asked to examine animals that have been found dead without premonitory signs. When death occurs in this manner and without explanation, the term ‘sudden unexpected (unexplained) death’ (SUD) is used.This does not necessarily imply that death was instantaneous, but is usually defined as the death of an animal that appears healthy but dies suddenly within a few m...

This paper analyzes collective bargaining using Spanish firm level data. Central to the analysis are the joint determination of wage and strike outcomes in a dynamic framework and the possibility of segregate wage equation for strike and non-strike outcomes. Conditional to strikes taking place, we confirm a negative relationship between strike duration and wage changes in a dynamic context. Fur...

This study investigates the effects of key switch design parameters on short-term localized muscle fatigue in the forearm and hand. An experimental apparatus was utilized for simulating and controlling key switch make force and travel using leaf spring mechanisms, and provided direct measurement of applied key strike force using strain gauge load cells. Repetitive key tapping was performed as f...