A mathematical method called subordination broadens the applicability of the classical advection--dispersion equation for contaminant transport. In this method, the time variable is randomized to represent the operational time experienced by different particles. In a highly heterogeneous aquifer, the operational time captures the fractal properties of the medium. This leads to a simple, parsimo...

Removal of nanometer-sized contaminant particles (CPs) from substrates is essential in successful fabrication of nanoscale devices. The particle beam technique that uses nanometer-sized bullet particles (BPs) moving at supersonic velocity was improved by operating it at room temperature to achieve higher velocity and size uniformity of BPs and was successfully used to remove CPs as small as 10 ...

A class of defective interfering (DI) poliovirus particles has been identified. The first was found as a contaminant of a viral stock; others have been isolated by serial passage at a high multiplicity of infection. The DI particles are less dense than standard virus and sediment more slowly. Their ribonucleic acid (RNA) sediments more slowly than standard RNA and has a higher electrophoretic m...

The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial distribution of pick-up ions in a region with a macroscopic velocity shear, as may occur in the interaction of the solar wind with non-magnetic planets and comets. We calculate trajectories of individual contaminant particles for different orientations of the magnetic field. Density profiles are derived analytically for the case in which the s...

The study of airflow and contaminant transport in airliner cabins is very important for creating a comfortable and healthy environment. This paper shows the results of such a study by conducting experimental measurements and numerical simulations of airflow and contaminant transport in a section of half occupied, twin-aisle cabin mockup. The air velocity and air temperature were measured by ult...

UNLABELLED Many modern low-energy ventilation schemes, such as displacement or natural ventilation, take advantage of temperature stratification in a space, extracting the warmest air from the top of the room. The adoption of these energy-efficient ventilation systems still requires the provision of acceptable indoor air quality. In this work we study the steady state transport of particulate c...