OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association between food prices and food outlet density and changes in the body mass index (BMI) among elementary school children in the USA. METHODS The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study followed a nationally representative sample of kindergarten children over 4 years. We merged individual-level data to (a) metropolitan data on food prices ...

Auctions and exchanges are important coordination mechanisms for multiagent systems. Most multi-good markets are combinatorial in that the agents have preferences over bundles of goods. We study the possibility of determining prices so as to support (efficient) allocations in combinatorial economies where a seller (or arbitrator) wants to implement an efficient allocation. Conditions on the exi...

abstract:this study examines the significant impact of exchange rate shock on prices of malaysian importsand exports. in methodology, the study adopts vector error correction (vecm) model using monthlydata of nominal exchange rates, money supply, prices of imports and prices of exports covering theperiod of m1:1999 to m12:2006. for further analysis, we adopt an innovation accounting bysimulatin...

This paper investigates the determinants of the prices of branded prescription medicines across different regulatory settings and health care systems, taking into account their launch date, patent status, market dynamics and the regulatory context in which they diffuse. By using volume-weighted price indices, this paper analyzes price levels for a basket of prescription medicines and their diff...

in last 1990 decade and early 21 century due to high fluctuations in assets prices and occurring asset price bubbles, most studies in monetary economics has concentrated on the reaction of monetary policy to movement in asset prices. the purpose of this paper is to analyze the suitable reaction of monetary policy to movement in asset prices in iran. this analysis is based on the structural var ...

Previous studies suggest that two otherwise robust ‘anomalies’ – preference reversals and disparities between buying and selling valuations – are eroded when respondents participate in repeated markets. We report an experiment which investigates whether this is true when factors neglected in previous studies are controlled, and which distinguishes between anomalies revealed in the behaviour of ...

We empirically investigate the effects of beef packer concentration and size efficiencies, packer procurement and pricing methods, and other market variables and quality characteristics on the prices paid by packers for slaughter cattle. We find that packers pay less for fed cattle in more concentrated regions. However, we find that concentration is only one of numerous market factors determini...

In complicated, interacting auctions, a fundamental problem is the prediction of prices of goods in the auctions, and more broadly, the modeling of uncertainty regarding these prices. In this paper, we present a machine-learning approach to this problem. The technique is based on a new and general boosting-based algorithm for conditional density estimation problems of this kind. This algorithm,...