Here we will consider the problem min f ( ) θ∈Θ θ where, for a given value of θ , we are not able to evaluate analytically or numerically, but must obtain (noisy) estimates of f ( f ( ) θ ) θ using simulation. We will assume for now that the set of possible solutions Θ is uncountably infinite. In particular, suppose that Θ is an interval [ θ θ, θ Θ ] of real numbers. One approach to solving the...

Background The inclusion of cost-effectiveness data, as a basis for priority setting rankings, is a distinguishing feature in the formulation of the Swedish national guidelines. Guidelines are generated with the direct intent to influence health policy and support decisions about the efficient allocation of scarce healthcare resources. Certain medical conditions may be given higher priority ran...

Can you see that justice is supposed to be blind? Abstract Decision aids are becoming more popular and more accessible thanks to the internet and hand held computers. The question remains, however, if decision aids can be used beyond just aiding the human decision process. Can we use computers to make decisions without loosing out on some of the aspects of decision making that are important to ...