low glucose condition induces neuronal cell-death via intracellular mechanisms including mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) signaling pathways. it has been shown that low glucose medium decreases neuronal survival in cerebellar granule neurons (cgns). in this study, we have examined the activation of jnk, p38kinase and erk1/2 pathways in low glucose medium in cgns. the cgns were prepared ...

background and purpose: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is present in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in high concentrations and has an important role in development, maintenance and regeneration of the nervous system. the aim of this study was to produce active bdnf in e.coli using transforming plasmid. methods: to construct an expression plasmid of bdnf, a gene coding for it was ...

A microsize biocomputing system based on enzyme logic processing biochemical signals was developed. Optical transduction of pH signals generated in situ by the enzyme OR logic gate was achieved with the use of a single optode microparticle.

We discovered that the far-field light scattering spectra of microparticles over wavenumber at a certain angle could be decomposed into periodic components, with an oscillation frequency linearly dependent on the particle size at each angle. Based on this observation, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new Fourier transform technique for microparticle size determination. This technique...

Interactions of microswimmers with their fluid environment are exceptionally complex. Macroscopic shear flow alters swimming trajectories in a highly nontrivial way and results in dramatic reduction of viscosity and heterogeneous bacterial distributions. Here we report on experimental and theoretical studies of rapid expulsion of microswimmers, such as motile bacteria, by a vortical flow create...

This paper presents characterizations of M-fuzzifying matroids bymeans of two kinds of fuzzy operators, called M-fuzzifying derived operatorsand M-fuzzifying difference derived operators.

conclusions this review was to focus on the roles of ascs in different applications and also provide the researcher general information about the history and current applications of ascs. we found that the ascs have a potential role to be used for the treatment of different sorts of disorders, with the less side effects and is also a new approach toward new remedies. context after about 40 year...

background: the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) expression in the hippocampus has shown to play a role in the beneficial effects of resveratrol (rsv) on the learning and memory. the bdnf gene has a complicated structure with eight 5’ noncoding exons (i-ixa), each of which can splice to a common coding exon (ix) to form a functional transcript. estrogens increase levels of ...