Smectite clays demonstrate high affinities for nitroaromatics that strongly depend on the exchangeable cation. The K-smectites have high affinities for nitroaromatics, but Ca-smectites do not. Here we evaluate the ability of K-smectite to attenuate the bioavailability and hence toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) to the aquatic plant duckweed. In the absence of K-smectite, 2,4-DNT was high...

over the past three decades helicopter-borne electromagnetic (hem) measurements have been used to reveal the resistivity distribution of the earth's subsurface for a variety of applications. hem systems include a “bird” or sensor containing one or more pairs of transmitting and receiving coils. the separation between the rigidly mounted transmitting and receiving coils of a coil-pair typic...

inverse modeling is one of the most elegant geophysical tools for obtaining 2-d and 3-d images of geological structure. determination of the geometry of bedrock, by nonlinear inverse modeling of gravity data, is the aim of this paper. the algorithm uses a nonlinear iterative procedure for simulation of bedrock geometry. at the first step, the nonlinear problem changes to a linear problem by a p...

Gravity data inversion is one of the important steps in the interpretation of practical gravity data. The inversion result can be obtained by minimization of the Tikhonov objective function. The determination of an optimal regularization parameter is highly important in the gravity data inversion. In this work, an attempt was made to use the active constrain balancing (ACB) method to select the...

the main goal of the present study is to identify characteristics of the inter-station horizontal magnetic responses and the vertical magnetic data, as two types of magnetotelluric transfer functions, in the modeling procedure. through consideration of model responses and two-dimensional inversion of synthetic data, sensitivity of the data components in detecting different geophysical structure...

Ordered Mesoporous Carbon (OMC) represents an interesting material for electric double layer capacitors which has the high surface area, easily accessed ordered pore channels and lower production cost. In this work, CMK-3 as promising OMC has been fabricated using the ordered mesoporous silica SBA-15 as a template. The structure and morphology of CMK-3 are characterized by X-ray diffraction...

In this paper, a transient, two-dimensional and nonlinear inverse heat conduction problem in solidification process is considered. Genetic algorithm is applied for the identification of the interfacial heat transfer coefficients during squeeze casting of commercial aluminum alloy (Al-4.5wt%Cu) by assuming a priori information regarding the functional form of the unknown heat transfer coefficien...

Among the intermolecular interactions, the Casimir and van der Waals forces are the most important forces that highly affect the behavior of nanostructures. This paper studies the effect of such forces on the adhesion of cantilever freestanding nanostructures. The nanostructures are made of a freestanding nano-beam which is suspended between two upper and lower conductive surfaces. The linear s...