Kerr electro-optic fringe patterns have long been used to study space charge injection and transport phenomena in highly birefringent materials such as nitrobenzene. Most past experimental work has been limited to 1 or 2-dimensional geometries where the electric field magnitude and direction have been constant along the light path such as two concentric or parallel cylinders or parallel plate e...

localized scatterers can be expected to give rise to spatial variations in the electric field and in the current distribution. The transport equation allowing for spatial variations is solved by first considering the homogeneous transport equation which omits electric fields. The homogeneous solution gives the purely diffusive motion of current carriers and involves large space charges. The ele...

As well known, spacelike proton form factors expressed in the Breit frame may be interpreted as the Fourier transform of static space distributions of electric charge and current. In particular, the electric form factor is simply the Fourier transform of the charge distribution F (q) = ∫ e ρ(r)dr. We don’t have an intuitive interpretation of the same level of simplicity for the proton timelike ...

ii Τὸ εὖ γίνεσθαι μὲν παρὰ μικρόν, οὐ μὴν μικρὸν εἶναι. Abstract The world's first commercial High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission link was built in 1954 between the Swedish mainland and the island of Gotland. At that time, it was proved that HVDC transmission is technically feasible. Since then, HVDC cable systems have been used worldwide in electrical energy transportation. Most HV...

The electric charge of a wormhole mouth and the magnetic flux “linked” by the wormhole are non-commuting observables, and so cannot be simultaneously diagonalized. We use this observation to resolve some puzzles in wormhole electrodynamics and chromodynamics. Specifically, we analyze the color electric field that results when a colored object traverses a wormhole, and we discuss the measurement...

Dielectric breakdown of solid insulation has been studied for many years but the mechanisms that cause breakdown have not been fully understood. Charge injection always occurs at high electric fields and especially under dc conditions. The presence of space charge in solid dielectrics will result in distortion of electric field distribution. Dielectric breakdown can be initiated in the region w...

although in recent two decades, the concept of dielectric barrier discharges (dbds) have been developed in ozone production well, air pollution control, plasma screens and control of chemical, and biological and medical processes, employment of this concept for high voltage applications to improve insulation performance as an alternative to the pressurized gas-insulated systems (gis) utilizing ...

The current associated with field emission is greatly dependent on the electric field at the emitting electrode. This field is a combination of the electric field in vacuum and the space charge created by the current. The latter becomes more important as the current density increases. Here, a study is performed using a modified classical one dimensional 1D Child–Langmuir description that allows...