Current research on electronic-commerce focused mainly on fair and e cient transfer of money and goods between a client and a vendor. Inter-enterprise electronic commerce, though, bestows a more complex setting on the trade by adding a new dimension to the individual-merchant frame. The parties involved in a purchase are no longer autonomous entities, but are members of an organization whose ru...

from the very beginning of the attempts made to organize electronic commerce in international field, the most important subject has been classification of electronic commerce under any legal systems of the organization, i.e. gatt, gats, trips or a combination of the provisions of the gatt and gats. the hybrid and trips systems did not have the required capacity for the subject matter both theor...

UNCITRAL texts on electronic commerce successfully addressed and effectively tackled the challenges posed by the use of electronic communications in the formation and the performance of contracts. These are essentially ‘transaction-oriented’ rules and represent the first generation of e-commerce law. The accelerated evolution of digital economy has shown that technology is not only transforming...

The Information Technology Act 2000 has enacted in India on 9th June 2000. This Act has mentioned provision of authentication of electronic document. It is the need of hour at that time that such provision is needed in the Indian Law system, especially for electronic commerce and electronic governance. Electronic commerce”, which involve the use of alternatives to paper based methods of communi...

Since Wang et al. announced their results regarding the susceptibility of MD5 (Crypto’04) and SHA-1 (Crypto’05) hash functions to collision attacks, there have been many papers advancing further aspects of these attacks. What has been lacking is an analysis of the legal effect of these attacks upon electronic commerce transactions. As technological advancements are made, the law will need to ad...

This article examines a number of contractual issues generated by the advent of intelligent agent applications. The aim of the study is to provide legal guidelines for developers of intelligent agent software by addressing the contractual difficulties associated with automated electronic transactions. The author investigates whether the requirements for a legally enforceable contract are satisf...

On 23 November 2005 the United Nations General Assembly adopted a new Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts. The Convention on e-contracting is the most important and long awaited development in international electronic commerce law. This paper analyses the most important provisions of this convention and its potential impact on global electronic commerce...

With the burgeoning e-Business websites, E-Commerce in China has been developing rapidly in recent years. From the analysis of Chinese E-Commerce market, it is possible to discover customer purchasing patterns or behavior characteristics, which are indispensable knowledge for the expansion of Chinese E-Commerce market. This paper presents an empirical analysis on the sale transactions from the ...