Dyslipidaemia, with elevations of circulating triacylglycerols (triglycerides) and non-esterified (free) fatty acids, and hyperinsulinaemia are often found in the same subjects, the so-called 'insulin resistance syndrome'. The present study aims to investigate how elevated levels of non-esterified fatty acids, hyperinsulinaemia and the combination of these factors affects endothelium-dependent ...

Although many studies have been conducted on the components present in human breast milk (HM), research on the differences of chemical metabolites between HM, bovine milk (BM) and formula milk (FM) is limited. This study was to explore the chemical diversity of HM, BM and FM by metabolomic approaches. GC-TOFMS and UPLC-QTOFMS were applied to investigate the metabolic compositions in 30 HM sampl...

Atherosclerosis is a major complication of diabetes, yet the reason for this remains obscure. Mechanisms of plaque formation are discussed and, in particular, metabolic alterations in the postprandial phase in diabetes are examined. A major metabolic effect of insulin deficiency is a failure to suppress non-esterified fatty acids. The importance of non-esterified fatty acids in the formation of...

After incubation, the triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins seen under the electron microscope appeared as partially degraded structures with atypical, discoid, flattened and lamellar forms. As shown in Table 1, heparin produced a significant increment in the hydrolysis of 3H-labelled esterified fatty acids and 14C-labelled acylglycerol glycerol from the 3Hand 14C-labelled triacylglycerol-rich lipo...

I . Three sheep, each of which was fitted with a rumen cannula and with two pairs of reentrant cannulas in different parts of the small intestine, were used in this study. They were fed on dried grass cubes or hay plus linseed meal and oats: an aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG) was infused continuously into the rumen. 2. Total lipids were extracted from samples of the chyme entering...

The incorporation into triglycerides of l-14Clabeled saturated free fatty acids (FFA) of different chain lengths (CrC,,) was studied using incubation of rat epididymal fat pads in vitro. The results indicate that the rate at which adipose tissue incorporates FFA is dependent on chain length. With very short-chain acids a small amount is directly esterified into triglycerides, but the major port...

Replacement of dietary triglycerides containing long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) by triglycerides containing medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) markedly reduced the capacity of alcohol to produce fatty liver in rats. After 24 days of ethanol and MCFA, the increase in hepatic triglycerides was only 3 times that of controls, whereas an 8-fold rise was observed after ethanol and LCFA. The triglyceride f...