exchange rate and national income of countries trading with each other are among the most important factors affecting each country's trade. considering the political and economic ties between iran and venezuela in recent years, the goal of this paper was to investigate the effect of exchange rate volatility on exports of iran to venezuela. data used in this research include annual data for...

In this paper, we empirically look at the effects of uncertainty on risk measures for exchange rates, by focusing two recent specific periods: Brexit and outbreak Covid-19. Based a Fama regression extended with measures, forecast rates in short run through quantile approach. By fitting Skewed-Student distribution to forecasts, put forward risks appreciation depreciation expected rates. We point...

Motivated by a production planning problem in an actual global manufacturing network, we examine the impact of exchange-rate uncertainty ... namely the volatility in an& correlations among exchange rates ... on the choice of various optimal production policies and the conditions which lead to them. A two-stage stochastic program with recourse is developed that provides opportunities to hedge fi...

1 Introduction

Given that a multinational enterprise can react flexibly upon exchange rate movements, international trade flows may be interpreted as an option. An enterprise will opt to export if the profits obtained from exporting under given exchange rate developments are greater than if foreign subsidiary sales were opted. Naturally, given negative exchange rate scenario situations, an enterprise will cho...