Six 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were designed, validated, and used to quantify predominant groups of anaerobic bacteria in human fecal samples. A set of two probes was specific for species of the Bacteroides fragilis group and the species Bacteroides distasonis. Two others were designed to detect species of the Clostridium histolyticum and the Clostridium lituseburense groups. Anot...

Recent work indicates that subpopulations of human fecal bacteria, averaging approximately 1% of the total viable fecal flora, degrade the oligosaccharide side chains of hog gastric mucin, which structurally resembles human epithelial mucins. Here we report studies to determine whether degradation of mucin oligosaccharides is related to glycosidase production by bacteria growing in anaerobic fe...

The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin was studied in 12 volunteers during a 5-day course of 500 mg of ciprofloxacin given orally twice a day. The effects on the microflora of saliva and feces were also examined. Serum and urine samples were assayed for ciprofloxacin microbiologically, and the salivary and fecal microflora were examined quantitatively after processing onto a series of selective ...

BACKGROUND Alterations in the intestinal bacterial flora are believed to be contributing factors to many chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases including rheumatic diseases. While microbiological fecal culture analysis is now increasingly used, little is known about the relationship of changes in intestinal flora, dietary patterns and clinical outcome in specific diseases. To clarify th...

When ingested, pectin can lower serum cholesterol levels in humans. Pectin is degraded by fecal bacteria in the colon. We examined the release of methanol (MeOH) by this degradation. A 0.2% glucose (2 g/L) mixture was used as the control medium. A pure culture of pectinolytic Erwinia carotovora was the control bacterium. The chief substrates were, in set 1, 0.2% pectin (2 g/L) and, in set 2, 0....

Very little is known about how the host genome influences the composition of the gastrointestinal flora, largely due to the great number and diversity of bacteria present in the flora and the difficulties of using traditional methods of bacterial isolation and identification. We have approached the problem by studying bacterium-derived cellular fatty acids in the stool samples of six mouse stra...

BACKGROUND Although optimization of the fluoroquinolone dosage increases the efficacy of this class of drugs against bacterial infections, its impact on the emergence of resistance in commensal bacteria is unknown. METHODS Six different 14-day dosages of oral ciprofloxacin were randomly assigned to 48 healthy volunteers. Individual pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters combining anti...

Fecal material from pigs experimentally infected with Treponema hyodysenteriae was collected and inoculated on six different selective media to compare their abilities for recovery of T. hyodysenteriae. Additionally, various types of samples were compared to find the most appropriate for submitting material to laboratories. Isolation rates for T. hyodysenteriae were 89.7% on BJ medium, 88.3% on...

BACKGROUND Although the etiology of idiopathic ulcerative colitis (UC) remains poorly understood, the intestinal flora is suspected to play an important role. Specific, consistent abnormalities in flora composition peculiar to UC have not yet been described, however Clostridium difficile colitis has been cured by the infusion of human fecal flora into the colon. This approach may also be applic...