objective: vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) have emerged worldwide and have become an increasing problem in clinical settings. acquired glycopeptide resistance in enterococcus species is due to the acquisition of van a, van b, van d, van c and van e genes, resulting in the production of peptidoglycan precursors with reduced affinity for glycopeptide antibiotics. the origin of these van ge...

Quantitative and qualitative examination of the fecal flora of 20 clinically healthy Japanese-Hawaiian males was carried out by using anaerobic tube culture techniques. Cultural counts were 93% of the microscopic clump counts. Isolated colonies were selected in a randomized manner to give an unbiased sampling of the viable bacterial types. Each isolate was characterized for species identificati...

AIM To study the role of intestinal flora in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS The spatial organization of intestinal flora was investigated in normal mice and in two models of murine colitis using fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS The murine small intestine was nearly bacteria-free. The normal colonic flora was organized in three distinct compartments (crypt, interlaced, ...

The present results of investigations performed on fresh fecal samples from a healthy adult and subjects with acute leukemia cultured bacteriologically using both aerobic and anaerobic techniques have led to the following conclusions. 1) In studies on the intestinal bacterial flora of the subjects examined, obligate anaerobic bacteria rather than facultative anaerobes accounted for more than 99...

While determining reference values for porphyrins in feces as measured by liquid chromatography, we observed strong fluctuations in fecal porphyrin contents. To explain these fluctuations, we selectively suppressed the intestinal flora of healthy persons. Suppression of aerobic flora had no effect on fecal porphyrin excretions, whereas suppression of anaerobic flora completely inhibited the tra...

Oral administration of penicillin, terramycin, or chloramphenicol to NCS mice rapidly brought about profound changes in their fecal flora. The lactobacilli disappeared completely, whereas the numbers of enterococci and Gram-negative bacilli reached very high levels. In contrast, no effect on the fecal flora could be detected following administration of isoniazid in any amount. The intensity and...

The widespread use of antibiotics has led Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) to become a common problem with pronounced medical and economic effects. The recurrence of CDI after treatment with standard antibiotics is becoming more common with the emergence of more resistant strains of C. difficile. As CDI is an antibiotic-associated disease, further treatment with antibiotic is best avoided....

Enterococci are Gram positive and catalase- negative cocci that are found in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds, and are readily isolated from soil, surface and waters. The aim of this study was to discriminate between Enterococcus isolates based on repetitive element sequence based –PCR (Rep-PCR) with the BOXA2R primer and their antibiotics profile. Enterococci isolates were obtai...