In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), efficient energy conservation is required to prolong the lifetime of the network. In this work, we have given emphasis on balanced energy consumption and energy holes avoidance. This paper proposes a multi-gateway-based approach to reduce the transmission distance between the sender and the sink node. The area to be monitored is divided into regions and gatew...

A gateway node in a WMN acts as bridge between mesh nodes and the external network in order to exchange information between the wireless mesh network operating in a disaster stricken area and remotely located rescue headquarters and government agencies. Using a single gateway, WMN creates huge congestion on the routes to the gateway, as all the data traffic may travel in the same direction usin...

The dynamic nature of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) may result in a cluster of nodes being isolated from the remaining network, especially when deployed in a terrain with blockages. In order to facilitate scalability and to provide connectivity between partitions that might occur in wireless networks as a consequence of mobility, we can envision a ‘range extension’ network that consists of ai...

In hybrid mobile ad hoc network (MANET), the mobility of the ad hoc nodes can cause route failures and necessitates the new route discovery. Also the mobility can result in delay and overhead. In this paper, we propose a multi-criteria gateway selection and multipath routing protocol for hybrid MANET that considers mobility metric as one of the criterion for the selecting the gateway. For gatew...

To obtain good performance in messaging over mobile networks, we have developed a Gateway. Gateway is a message hub that transmits information using store-and-forward messaging and provides powerful optimization and data transformation. The SmartCaching component provides generic caching in an N-tier architecture, an essential function of Gateway. Gateway can be integrated into Pronto, a middle...