Selection leads to genetic improvement but also reduces genetic variation in the progeny. When all animals in a population are closely related there is little genetic variation and little scope for further genetic progress. Mate selection procedures are used to help maintain genetic variation, and hence genetic progress, in the future and to avoid the fitness problems related to severe inbreeding.

Simulation of crop systems has evolved from a neophyte science into a robust and increasingly accepted discipline. Our vision is that crop systems simulation can serve important roles in agriculture and environment. Important roles and uses of crop systems simulation are in five primary areas: (1) basic research synthesis and integration, where simulation is used to synthesize our understanding...

Aquaculture in developing countries is largely based on unimproved fish strains. There is ample evidence indicating the potential of genetic improvement programs and a range of selection methods may be used. Examples of the application of mass, cohort, within family, and combined between-within family are given. The methods are discussed in terms of their effectiveness and suitability. It is co...

selection of genotypes based on high value of heritability and forecasted genetic conditions would be an effective method for improvement of wheat cultivars. the present investigation was carried out to estimate the genetic variability of agro-physiological characters using biometrical genetic techniques in 20 bread wheat genotypes under irrigated condition. for this purpose an experiment was c...

Popcorn consumption in Brazil has grown significantly over the years, and genetic improvement is essential to obtain sustainable gains multiple traits supply this increasing demand. Thus, objective of review was contribute information concerning process popcorn breeding tropical regions, germplasm availability, plans, main characteristics related quality yield, advances perspectives improvement...

Dr Helen Newton-Turner introduced a powerful model of bringing science into practice by working closely with breeders and the wider industry. This collaboration has led to considerable achievements in genetic improvement Australian animal industries, efficient evaluation systems being implemented, providing platform achieve well defined breeding objectives introduction new technologies such as ...

Animal biotechnology encompasses a broad range of techniques for the genetic improvement of domesticated animal species, although the term is increasingly associated with the more controversial technologies of cloning and genetic engineering. Despite the many potential applications of these two biotechnologies, no public or private entity has yet delivered a genetically engineered food-animal p...

Genetic variability is a fundamental condition for the genetic gain in improvement programs (Ferreira et al. 1995). Regarding recurrent selection, it is expected that in the sequence of the consecutive cycles the mean values of the traits of interest increase in function of the concentration of favorable alleles, although without reduction in the genetic variability (Hallauer 1971). The high ge...

Parameters based on the probability of gene origin were used to describe the genetic variability in strains of Nellore and polled Nellore (Bos indicus) cattle that participated in the Program for Genetic Improvement of the Nellore Breed (Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Raça Nelore). The effective number of founders was 87.2 for Nellore and 107.9 for polled Nellore, while the number of ance...