proteases play a key role in protein digestion in ticks and other haematophagous insects. our understanding of blood meal digestion in digestive system of ticks can be very useful for better understanding of basic rules for control of ticks. cells of the midgut endocytose blood components. blood proteins uptake by midgut cells, suggesting the presence of proteases in the midgut cells. in this s...

background: the mechanism of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of pyrus biossieriana buhse leaf extract (pbble) and its phytochemical component arbutin, have not been well determined. the present study was performed to understand the hypoglycemic activity mechanisms of pbble and arbutin more clearly.methods: in vitro enzymatic carbohydrate digestion with pbble and arbutin was assessed u...

Broad (br), a transcription factor containing the Broad-Tramtrack-Bric-a-brac (BTB) and zinc finger domains was shown to mediate 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) action and pupal development in Drosophila melanogaster and Manduca sexta. We determined the key roles of br during larval-pupal metamorphosis using RNA interference (RNAi) in a coleopteran insect, Tribolium castaneum. Two major peaks of T. ca...

During speculation, Bacillus thuringiensis produces parasporal inclusions with insecticidal activity. The parasporal inclusions produced by most subspecies of B. thuringiensis are active only against the larvae of a few lepidopteran insects. Lepidopteran-active parasporal inclusions are usually bipyramidal crystals composed of one or more 130x lCP-l^Ox 10 Mr polypeptides. These polypeptides are...

Aqueous extract from leaves of Sambcus ebulus L. were tested for antifeedant, growth regulation and ovicidal effects against the red floor beetle Tribolium confusum Duv. under laboratory condition (29?1?C, RH 60?5% and 12L:12D). The results indicated a significant deterrence for feeding, and comparatively significant larval, pupal and adult weight decrease in treated vs. controlled insects. Sim...

aqueous extract from leaves of sambcus ebulus l. were tested for antifeedant, growth regulation and ovicidal effects against the red floor beetle tribolium confusum duv. under laboratory condition (29?1?c, rh 60?5% and 12l:12d). the results indicated a significant deterrence for feeding, and comparatively significant larval, pupal and adult weight decrease in treated vs. controlled insects. sim...

Amylases are an important family of enzymes involved in insect carbohydrate metabolism that are required for the survival of insect larvae. For this reason, enzymes from starch-dependent insects are targets for insecticidal control. PF2 (Olneya tesota) is a lectin that is toxic to Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) larvae. In this study, we evaluated recognition of the PF2 lectin to ...