During the first 86 years of Singapore's medical history (1819 to 1905), nobody was officially designated a "pathologist" although pathology was practised. All pathological work (purely medical or forensic) was done by non-specialist doctors. Representative cases are quoted so that conclusions can be drawn regarding what pathological practice was like and the problems faced. In 1905, the Govern...

The gradually varied surface was introduced and studied in digital and discrete spaces by Chen. The basic idea of introducing gradually varied surfaces is to employ a purely discrete interpolation algorithm to fit a discrete surface when the desired surface is not required to be “smooth.” In this paper, we generalize the concept of gradually varied surfaces. A digital surface is defined as a ma...

Innovation is a complex phenomenon and process involving translation of knowledge into new techniques, products, services. It is considered crucial for sustainable agriculture development and achievement of long-term food security. The review describes the diversity of innovation and relates it to agro-food sector. It also sheds light on different innovation models and explores their contributi...

In this era of globalization and rapid advances in radiation oncology worldwide, the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) is committed to help decrease profound regional disparities through the work of the International Education Subcommittee (IES). The IES has expanded its base, reach, and activities to foster educational advances through a variety of educational methods with broad ...

Formed before international negotiations of the revised International Health Regulations (IHR), the Middle East Consortium for Infectious Disease Surveillance (MECIDS) is a regional collaboration aimed at facilitating implementation of the revised IHR and, more broadly, improving the detection and control of infectious disease outbreaks among neighboring countries in an area of continuous dispu...

INTRODUCTION This article explores how community engagement by paramedics in an expanded scope role contributes to both primary health care and to an overall improved emergency response capacity in rural communities. Understanding how expanded scope paramedics (ESP) can strengthen community healthcare collaborations is an important need in rural areas where low workforce numbers necessitate inn...

BACKGROUND Glaucoma mainly induced by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), it was believed that the pressure that wall of eyeball withstands were determined by material properties of the tissue and stereoscopic geometry of the eyeball. In order to study the pressure changes in different parts of interior eyeball wall, it is necessary to develop a novel eye ball FEM with more accurate geometry ...

Compared with full translation and based on a large number of variation phenomena, variational is discourse native studies Chinese characteristics. After twenty years development research, the research scope theory has gradually expanded improved, but literature review in recent lagged behind. Based some well-known databases at home abroad, Citespace, bibliometric analysis tool, was used to vis...