wild barley (hordeum spontaneum) has invaded to wheat and barley fields since flamprop-isopropyl was obsolesced in iran. the herbicides of sulfosulfuron and sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron-methyl are able to control it at higher-than-recommended dosages, causing a crop injury. hence, two dose-response experiments in factorial experiment with a completely randomized design with four replications wer...

Selectivity index is a way of assessing the discrimination herbicide to given crop by observing its effects on and weeds. The aim was obtain selectivity indaziflam sugarcane cultivar IACSP95-5000 as function five weed species in two soils textures. experiment carried out greenhouse at Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. treatments consisted doses (0; 12.5; 25; 50; 100; 200; 400; 800 1,600 g active i...

This paper describes the analysis procedure and results for environmental herbicide samples by a negative ESI LC-MS/MS method. After the preparation of aqueous and soil samples, the extracts are directly injected into a high performance liquid chromatography system coupled to negative eletrospray ionization (ESI-) tandem mass spectrometry. The sample preparation incorporates modified hydrolysis...

Various sources are involved in the selective action of herbicides which inhibit photosynthesis, ranging from gross morphological differences connected with the availability of the herbicide to the foliar or root surface, to differential absorption, translocation and inactivation in the tissues of various plants species, and finally to differences in susceptibility at the chloroplast level. The...

Cytochrome P450s and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) constitute two of the largest groups of enzyme families that are responsible for detoxification of exogenous molecules in plants. Their activities differ from plant to plant with respect to metabolism and substrate specificity which is one of the reasons for herbicide selectivity. In the tuber forming yam bean, the legume Pachyrhizus erosus...

Aim. This work is devoted to the search for potential partners integrated application of flumioxazine in sunflower crops. herbicide an inhibitor protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) weed plants. The resistance this class herbicides not yet common today, compared other classes. Therefore, aimed at de- veloping flumioxazine-based compositions that effectively prevent emergence herbicide-resistant bio...