wild barley has invaded wheat fields ever since flamprop-isopropyl was outdated in iran. newly developed herbicides such as sulfosulfuron or sulfosulfuron plus metsulfuron-methyl can control it at higher than recommended dosages, but causing significant wheat injury. hence, two dose-response experiments were conducted to evaluate their efficacy when tank-mixed with thirteen different vegetable ...

The metabolic detoxication/bioactivation pathways, the levels and activity of enzymes, and endogenous cofactors mediating these reactions in crops have been well document‐ ed; however, much less evidence has been accumulated in weed species. The herbicide metabolism as a selectivity factor is summarized with special attention to acetyl-CoA car‐ boxylases (ACCase)-inhibiting aryloxyphenoxypropio...

Herbicide safeners, formerly referred to as herbicide antidotes, are chemical agents that increase the tolerance of monocotyledonous cereal plants to herbicides without affecting the weed control effectiveness. The use of safeners offer several benefits to agricultural weed control. Safeners may allow: (1) the selective chemical control of weeds in botanically related crops; (2) the use of nons...