Introduction The exposure of human beings to ionizing radiation from natural sources is a continuing and inescapable feature of life on earth. For most individuals, this exposure exceeds that from all man-made sources combined. Materials and Methods In this study, the annual effective dose in high level environmental background radiation areas (HLEBRAs) of northern city of Ramsar in Iran was de...

background: the effect of natural background radiation on health is still controversial. however, it is clear that it depends on the dose received by the population. the estimation of external natural background gamma rays received by the population of caspian coastal provinces in the northern part of iran was the main goal of this study. materials and methods: gamma rays was measured using cal...

background: human is exposed to radiation in their environment with or without their consent and the exposure to natural background radiation is an unpreventable event on earth. materials and methods: an in situ assessment of the indoor and outdoor background radiation in akwanga and keffi towns of nasarawa state nigeria was carried out using a halogen-quenched geiger muller (gm) detector (insp...

ever since studies on uranium miners established the presence of a positive risk coefficient for the occurrence of lung cancer in miners exposed to elevated levels of 222rn and its progeny, there was a great upsurge of interest in the measurement of 222rn in the environment and considerable data is generated on the levels of 222rn in the environment across the worlds and is periodically reporte...

All living organisms are exposed to ionizing radiation comprising cosmic rays coming from outer space, terrestrial nuclides occurring in the earth’s crust, building materials, air, water and foods and in the human body itself. The exposures are constant and uniform for all individuals everywhere including the dose from ingestion of 40K in food. Cosmic rays are, more intense at higher alt...

There is no place on the Earth, the planet we live on, where the natural background radiation level is zero. Since the birth and even in our fetal stage, we have been exposed to different sources of natural radiation. Life, in fact, evolved in a radiation environment that was much more harsh than today. Earth serves as a source of terrestrial radiation. Uranium, thorium, and radium are among th...

The recent developments in studies of TeV radiation from blazars are highlighted and the implications of these results for derivation of cosmologically important information about the cosmic infrared background radiation are discussed.

Three areas of activity in the field of low-level radiation epidemiology have been reviewed. They concern the questions of cancer risk related to antenatal X-ray exposure, occupational radiation exposure, and residence in areas of real or supposed increased levels of radiation. Despite the a priori unlikelihood of useful information developing from studies in any of these areas, such investigat...