purpose: to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ophthalmic manifestations of graves’ disease in the mashhad university of medical sciences endocrine clinics . methods: in a multicenter prospective-descriptive study, patients with graves' disease that were being followed in mashhad university of medical sciences endocrine clinics were recruited for the study, from december 2002 to septe...

the calmette-güerin vaccine (bcg) is administered to all the newborns in iran in order to prevent tuberculosis. complications of this vaccine are uncommon. we report disseminated bcg disease in 17 patients less than 10 years old. this is a retrospective study of total of 17 cases who were admitted in children medical center hospital with systemic syndrome compatible with mycobacterium disease w...

Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic immune-mediated disorder caused by the dietary gluten in individuals who are genetically susceptible to the disease. In fact, CD is a T cell-mediated immune disease in which gluten-derived peptides activate the lamina propria CD4+ Teff cells, and these T-cell subsets can cause the intestinal tissue damages. Also, there are additional subsets of CD4+ T cells wit...

SUMMARY Three cases ofauto-immune addison's disease are reported in association with hyperprolactilinemia. All of them had galactorrhea. In three cases complete resolution of hyperprolactitinemia occurred with corticosteroid replacement. We suggest that hyperprolactinemia was due to cortisol deficiency operating directly or indirectly at the level of the pituitary.  

High cortisol level in endogenous Cushing’s syndrome suppresses the immune system and after treatment there may be an over activity of immune reaction leading to autoimmune diseases mostly thyroid and rheumatologic disorders. This is the second reported case of multiple sclerosis developing after treatment of Cushing’s syndrome. A 42-year old man is reported who presented with bone fracture and...

background and aims:il-22 is an α-helical cytokine.il-22 binds to a heterodimeric cell surface receptor composed of il-10r2 and il-22r1subunits.il-22r is expressed on tissue cells and it is absent on immune cells.il-22 and il-10 receptor chains play a role in cellular targeting and signal transduction to selectively initiate and regulate immune responses. the aim of this study was to investigat...

Background and aims: IL-22 is an alpha- helical cytokine. IL-22 binds to a heterodimeric cell surface receptor composed of IL-10R2 and IL-22R1subunits. IL-22R is expressed on tissue cells, and it is absent on immune cells. L-22 and IL-10 receptor chains play a role in cellular targeting and signal transduction to selectively initiate and regulate immune responses. The aim of this study was to i...

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of young adults with an unknown etiology, but cellular immune responses and inflammation has a pivotal role in this regard. The higher incidence of MS among women indicates the possible involvement of female sex hormones on the disease course. Progesterone and estrogen are the most important sexual hormones in women. They exert different i...