Iran is one f the biggest oil producer and exporter of the world. Due to the special administrative and constitutional structure of the country, i.e. economic, social and political reasons, the government budget and revenues depend heavily on oil exports. The aim of this article is to suggest a theoretical proposal on the optimum level of non-oil exports such that it will clear up the idea of e...

YERCEPTIONS OF A GLOBAL CRISIS have been rampant for over a decade. Third world nations fear their development prospects are being undermined by a series of devastating external shocks. Unprecedentedly high levels of foreign debt service, coupled with climbing interest rates and falling export revenues, have forced many developing countries to cut imports, restrict public-sector spending, curta...

Oil and Gas sector, with notable participation in national product and funding public expenditures, plays a seminal role in Iran's economy. Although there is a relative lag in providing proportionate supply, Iran stands at the highest rank of owning world's related proven reserves. Using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of the increas...

the welfare policies and programs in the iran had started to establish modern state in iran since 1925.this paper deals with the relation between oil revenues and social welfare in iran before 1978(1357) revolution. why developmental activities within welfare policies and programs couldn’t maintain their stability and continuity? the bureaucrats and redefined groups were became the main target ...

This paper discusses the policy issues facing the country of Sno TomJ e PrRncipe, a small island country in the Gulf of Guinea, given the discovery and imminent exploitation of large reserves of oil in its territorial waters. While presenting huge opportunities, the history of other African oil-exporting countries demonstrates that there are dangers as well. An appropriate policy for macro bala...

plentifulness of oil resources on the one hand, and serious economic challenges in the course of development of the country, on the other hand, makes the optimum use of these resources a considerable issue in achieving the goals of sustainable development. iran’s experience in establishing exchange reserve account (era) during 2000-2005 indicates that its main function is saving the surplus rev...

iran's economy dependence on oil revenues has caused some impacts in the form of commodity price fluctuations on current revenues. accordingly, in the past few years especially in the second development plan, the government included encouragements and reduced the country's dependence on oil revenues in its agenda. agricultural export, especially livestock and poultry export has a proper status ...