A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed to detect bluetongue (BT) virus antigens in infected cell cultures and in suspensions of infected Culicoides variipennis midges. The technique was equally sensitive for detecting the five U.S. BT virus serotypes (2, 10, 11, 13, and 17) in cell cultures. EIA reliably detected about 3.8 log10 median tissue culture infective doses per ml of BT v...

background: this study was performed to induce conversion of rh strain tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii to bradyzoites by ph changing of the cul­ture medium. methods: hela cell monolayers were infected at a 1:1 tachyzoite to cell ratio. four hours after infection, the culture medium was removed and re­placed with culture medium and 5% fcs, adjusted to ph 8 with naoh. the culture was maintained ...

  Background and Objective: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) has been historically the most prevalent opportunisticinfection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiencyvirus. Culture of the organism has not been faced with suitable success in artificial media, while various results have been reported for cell culture media. The aim of this study was proliferation of Pneumocystis carin...

conclusions our underlying hypothesis is that recapitulating the three-dimensional early embryonic structure, in order to reproduce better in vitro the three-dimensional morphogenetic-like re-arrangements, would improve cells differentiation, when in vivo transplanted; moreover, it could be used as a simplified cancer disease model and reliable drug evaluation method as well. results the proces...

background and objective: pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp) has been historically the most prevalent opportunisticinfection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiencyvirus. culture of the organism has not been faced with suitable success in artificial media, while various results have been reported for cell culture media. the aim of this study was proliferation of pneumocystis carinii on t...

Continuous virus production is a characteristic of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) infected and transformed by a nondefective Schmidt-Ruppin subgroup A Rous sarcoma virus. This virus production has been examined with particular attention to the amount of newly budded virus which remained cell-associated, and to the amount and degree of viral aggregation at the cell surface and in the fluid tis...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major viral in farm animals. In the present study, seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced against FMD virus (FMDV)-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D protein) and characterized. Screening of mAb reactivity three overlapping fragments 3D protein expressed Escherichia coli revealed that binding sites all mAbs confined to N-terminal one-third prote...