African Americans in the United States have a higher than average risk of morbidity and mortality, despite declining mortality rates for many causes of death for the general population. This article examines race-based residential segregation as a fundamental cause of racial disparities, shaping differences in exposure to, and experiences of, diseases and risk factors. The spatial distribution ...

OBJECTIVES To document and compare the magnitude of inequities in child malnutrition across urban and rural areas, and to investigate the extent to which within-urban disparities in child malnutrition are accounted for by the characteristics of communities, households and individuals. METHODS The most recent data sets available from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 15 countries in ...

Executive Summary While research on school finance equity has traditionally focused on disparities across school districts, recent years have witnessed increased attention to resource differences across individual schools, particularly within large school districts. With a majority of the existing evidence on intra-district equity coming from the nations largest districts, little is known about...

The paper presents a wealth quartile analysis of the urban subset of the third round of Demographic Health Survey of India to unmask intra-urban nutrition disparities in women. Maternal thinness and moderate/ severe anaemia among women of the poorest urban quartile was 38.5% and 20% respectively and 1.5-1.8 times higher than the rest of urban population. Receipt of pre- and postnatal nutrition ...

Land use has been demonstrated to have an important influence on PM2.5 concentrations; however, how the scale effects and regional disparities in land concentrations remains unclear. This study investigated differences spatial variations concentrations, associations between use, explored of heterogeneity action concentrations. The main findings indicated greater intra-unit variation at small sc...

BACKGROUND Little national evidence is available on spatial disparities in distributions of parks and green spaces in the USA. PURPOSE This study examines ecological associations of spatial access to parks and green spaces with percentages of black, Hispanic, and low-income residents across the urban-rural continuum in the conterminous USA. METHODS Census tract-level park and green space da...

INTRODUCTION There have been a number of clinical studies on diagnosed Stroke disease. However, there have been few studies on the geographical disparities for stroke. This study investigates the spatial pattern of stroke disease reflecting socio-demographic characteristics in the State. METHODS Stroke patients' admissions for 22 years (from 1990 to 2012) were examined. Their socio-demographi...

BACKGROUND Hazardous air pollutant exposures are common in urban areas contributing to increased risk of cancer and other adverse health outcomes. While recent analyses indicate that New York City residents experience significantly higher cancer risks attributable to hazardous air pollutant exposures than the United States as a whole, limited data exist to assess intra-urban variability in air ...