Some Matters of Style 12 Omit Needless Words 12 Avoid Metacomments on the Writing 13 Use Repetition and Parallel Construction 13 Jargon 14 Voice and Self-Reference 14 Tense 14 Avoid Language Bias 14 Research Participants 14 Sex and Gender 14 Racial and Ethnic Identity 15 Sexual Orientation 15 Disabilities 16 Common Errors of Grammar and Usage 16 Compared with versus Compared to 16 Data 16 Diffe...

in the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the frequency and motives of using avoidance strategies by a group of iranian intermediate language learners through their own journal writing. the effect of gender on the use of avoidance strategies is to be investigated as well. thirty nine female and twenty three male learners enrolled in an english language spoken course in a private e...

  This study attempted to investigate whether there was any significant difference between the speaking achievement of learners who were trained by means of audiotaped dialogue journal, dialogue journal writing, or traditional free speech. The participants, 45 male and female students aged between 21 and 32, were selected by random sampling from among free speech classes in an English teaching...

Journal writing is a promising follow-up to course-work. A learning journal is a written explication of one’s own learning processes and outcomes after a lecture or seminar session. To fully exploit the potential of journal writing, instructional support is required. Experimental studies showed that prompts are effective in optimizing journal writing. To investigate the long-term effects of pro...