Background The volatility of a compound is its ability to change into a vapor, or to evaporate at a particular temperature and pressure. The normal boiling point of a liquid usually allows comparison of its volatility to other materials, with lower boiling points indicating greater volatility, but this may be affected somewhat by the presence of other materials. Comparison of the concentration ...

In this work, a more accurate prediction of liquid evaporation flux has been achieved. The statistical rate theory approach, which is recently introduced by Ward and Fang and exact estimation of vapor pressure in the layer adjacent to the liquid–vapor interface have  been used for prediction of this flux. Firstly, the existence of an equilibrium layer adjacent to the liquid-vapor interface ...

the kinetics of the potassium thiocyanate transport mediated by dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 (l) through a bulk liquid membrane is studied experimentally and theoretically. the proposed model is based on the assumption of a pure diffusion of the complex salt [k·l]+scn¯ through the liquid membrane stagnant films at the interfaces. it illustrates the connection between liquid-liquid extraction equilib...

We would like to give a brief review concerning liquid-liquid equilibrium in binary liquid mixtures under absolute negative pressure. Although negative pressure states are metastable ones, they can be maintained long enough to make phase equilibrium measurements. Several phenomena concerning liquid-liquid equilibrium can be seen only – or can be seen better – under negative pressure; these are ...

Liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) problems such as phase stability analysis, phase equilibrium calculations, chemical equilibrium calculations, binary interaction parameter identification of thermodynamic models and other problems of fluid characterization have been the core subject of many recent studies. This study introduces Cuckoo Search (CS), Firefly Algorithms (FA) and its variants as p...