STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine if the vasodilatory response to the intracoronary injection of ionic and nonionic contrast media in intact pigs is dependent on nitric oxide (NO). The mechanisms responsible for inducing the increase in coronary blood flow in response to the intracoronary injection of contrast media during angiography are still not entirely understood. There is evidence to suggest ...

Wang G, Coleman CG, Glass MJ, Zhou P, Yu Q, Park L, Anrather J, Pickel VM, Iadecola C. Angiotensin II type 2 receptorcoupled nitric oxide production modulates free radical availability and voltage-gated Ca currents in NTS neurons. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302: R1076–R1083, 2012. First published February 29, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00571.2011.—The medial region of the nucleus tra...

The medial region of the nucleus tractus solitarius (mNTS) is a key brain stem site controlling cardiovascular function, wherein ANG II modulates neuronal L-type Ca(2+) currents via activation of ANG II type 1 receptors (AT(1)R) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ANG II type 2 receptors (AT(2)R) induce production of nitric oxide (NO), which may interact with ROS and modulate AT(1)...

Introduction: Endothelium and smooth muscle dysfunction are the most important complications of diabetes. In type 1 diabetic patients, absence of insulin leads to vasoconstriction and lower skin blood perfusion. Release of some mediators by endothelium which is induced by insulin causes vasodilation, but the exact mechanism of insulin vasodilatory effect is not detected properly. At present st...

BACKGROUND Rats fed high fat (HFD) or high sucrose (HSD) diets develop increased adiposity as well as impaired vasodilatory responsiveness stemming from oxidative stress. Moreover, HFD rats become hypertensive compared to either control (Chow) or HSD fed rats, suggesting elevated vascular tone. We hypothesized that rats with increased adiposity and oxidative stress demonstrate augmented pressur...

Endothelin receptors (ET(A) and ET(B)) mediate responses to ET-1. ET(B) receptor function seems to differ between a similarly sized arterial and venous pair, the rat vena cava (RVC) and rat thoracic aorta (RA). ET(B) receptors mediate RVC contraction directly, but it is unclear whether ET(B) receptors mediate contraction in RA. Because of these apparent differences in ET(B) receptor-mediated va...

The mechanisms by which endothelium attenuates vasodilation caused by isoflurane are not well understood. We examined the role of endothelium-derived substances, nitric oxide (NO), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHF), prostanoids and endothelins in the response to isoflurane in rat thoracic aorta. Increasing cumulative concentrations of isoflurane were administered to aortic ring...

Prior exposure of cultured neonatal rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to bradykinin resulted in marked attenuation of bradykinin-induced activation of phosphoinositidase C (PIC). The (logconcentration)-response curve for bradykinin-induced [3H]inositol trisphosphate ([3H]IP3) formation was shifted to the right and the maximum response was reduced. Bradykinin increases cyclic GMP (cGMP) in ...

introduction: endothelium and smooth muscle dysfunction are the most important complications of diabetes. in type 1 diabetic patients, absence of insulin leads to vasoconstriction and lower skin blood perfusion. release of some mediators by endothelium which is induced by insulin causes vasodilation, but the exact mechanism of insulin vasodilatory effect is not detected properly. at present stu...