BACKGROUND The development of asymptomatic gross or microscopic hematuria is relatively common in children. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical importance of hematuria in children and the necessity for such an evaluation using a defined diagnostic protocol. DESIGN The protocol included a personal and family history, physical examination and blood pressure determination, and a set of comprehe...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an endoscopic versus microscopic approach to pituitary adenoma resection. STUDY DESIGN Markov decision tree economic evaluation. METHODS An economic evaluation using a Markov decision tree model was performed. The economic perspective was that of the healthcare third-party payer. Effectiveness and probability data were obtained fro...

OBJECTIVE This article is to assess the performance of 3 macroscopic safety indicators (speed, speed dispersion, and volume) and two microscopic potential crash risks (time to collision and deceleration rate to avoid crash) on safety evaluation for expressways. METHODS Field data were collected at 3 locations for 4 different time periods on an expressway in Beijing, China. The speed of each v...