fuel cells belong to an avant-garde technology family for a wide variety of applications including micro-power, transportation power, stationary power for buildings and other distributed generation applications. the first objective of this contribution is to find a suitable reduced model of a solid oxide fuel cell (sofc). the derived reduced model is then used to design a state estimator. in th...

modeling the heat and mass transport in micro channel is being used extensively in researches and industrial applications. the aim is optimizing fuel cell designs before building a prototype for engineering application. in this study, numerical, three-dimensional, single phase computational fluid dynamics model of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with both the gas distribution flow channels...

computational fluid dynamics analysis was employed to investigate the radial flow field patterns of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfc) with different channel geometries at high operating current densities. 3d, non-isothermal was used with single straight channel geometry. our study showed that new generation of fuel cells with circle stack with the same active area and inlet area gave ...

In this study, a more accurate model of fuel cell of molten carbonate was also used that was determined input and output control variables and investigated the behavior of the system with respect to those variables. A more complete kinetic is also implemented for increasing the effectiveness of the presented paper. The input variables include fuel flow rate of cell which is methane and cell vol...

in spark ignition (si) engines, the accurate control of air fuel ratio (afr) in the stoichiometric value is required to reduce emission and fuel consumption. the wide operating range, the inherent nonlinearities and the modeling uncertainties of the engine system are the main difficulties arising in the design of afr controller. in this paper, an optimization-based nonlinear control law is anal...

Knowledge of forest fuels and their potential fire behavior across a landscape is essential in fire management. Four customized fire behavior fuel models that differed significantly in fuels characteristics and environmental conditions were identified using hierarchical cluster analysis based on fuels data collected across a boreal forest landscape in northeastern China. Fuel model I represente...