PURPOSE Microglia in the central nervous system display a marked structural dynamism in their processes in the resting state. This dynamic behavior, which may play a constitutive surveying role in the uninjured neural parenchyma, is also highly responsive to tissue injury. The role of CX3CR1, a chemokine receptor expressed in microglia, in regulating microglia morphology and dynamic behavior in...

n page 703, Kelso et al. complete the trilogy of actin papers with a detailed biochemical analysis of the Drosophila Kelch protein. Like the Arp2/3 complex, Kelch is required for proper actin organization in ovarian ring canals. Although the structure of Kelch suggested that it might act as a dimeric actin cross-linking protein, this activity had not yet been demonstrated. In an impressive seri...

The traditional view that proteins possess absolute functional specificity and a single, fixed structure conflicts with their marked ability to adapt and evolve new functions and structures. We consider an alternative, "avant-garde view" in which proteins are conformationally dynamic and exhibit functional promiscuity. We surmise that these properties are the foundation stones of protein evolva...

Dynamism was originally defined as the proportion of online versus offline orders in the literature on dynamic logistics. Such a definition however, loses meaning when considering purely dynamic problems where all customer requests arrive dynamically. Existing measures of dynamism are limited to either (1) measuring the proportion of online versus offline orders or (2) measuring urgency, a conc...