This paper reviews the sources, bioavailability and fate of heavy metals and organic contaminants in compost manure and in soils of which the manure is applied. The toxicity of heavy metals and organic compounds in soil of which would have come from applied compost is also discussed. Type of materials, their background and where collected for use in composting contribute to the sources of heavy...

The effect of sewage sludge fertilization on nitrogen and sulphur content in maize was assessed in a pot experiment conducted in 2003-2005. The experimental design comprised the following treatments in four replications on three soils: treatment without fertilizer – (0); mineral fertilization – (NPK); farmyard manure – (FYM); sewage sludge A – (SSA); a mixture of sewage sludge A with peat – (MS...

More stringent controls on the quality of wastewater discharges have given rise to increasing volumes of sewage sludge for disposal, principally to land, using either land-spreading or sludge-to-landfill operations. Current sludge-to-landfill methods generally involve mixing the concentrated sludge with other solid waste in municipal landfills. However, stricter waste disposal legislation and h...

wheat flour is known as the best nutrients supplier for human. in this research, the effects of combined application of nitrogen fertilizer, farmyard manure (fym), sewage sludge and municipal waste compost on nutrients concentrations of wheat flour (triticum aestivum cv. alvand) were studied in a randomized complete blocks design with 15 treatments and three replicates in agricultural research ...

This work experimentally elucidates the efficiencies of sono-alkalization treatment on municipal sewage sludge. The total solids (TS) concentration of the sewage sludge was pre-adjusted at 29.7 g/L. Two parameters such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dosage and sonication time were considered by the central composite design (CCD) program to investigate the effect on the degradation of phthalate acid...

The paper deals with effects of liming and different doses of municipal sewage sludge (5, 10, and 15 % of soil mass) on copper speciation in soil. In all samples, pH was determined together with total copper concentration, which was measured with the ICP-AES method. Concentration of copper chemical fractions was determined using the seven-step procedure of Zeien and Brümmer. In the soil treated...

The Commission of the European Communities (CEC) is just working out a new directive in order to regulate the agricultural reuse of sewage sludge. This new regulation will also effect a “special case” – sludge usage in a mountainous environment – which will be discussed in this paper. Three reuse sites at small wastewater treatment plants of mountain refuges at altitudes more than 2,000 m a.s.l...

Abstact: The aim of the research project was to carry out the co-digestion of organic fraction of solid municipal waste in the form of source separated kitchen waste and sewage sludge. The influence of the kitchen waste as a co-substrate on the stability and efficiency of the process was determined. Mesophilic fermentation (36 ̊C) was conducted for sewage sludge as well as mixtures of sewage slu...