the aim of this paper is to review the created problems and failure of environmental design patterns in designing process by designers. not respectfully addressing the context of environment during designing process have resulted in the loss quality of environment, damage to both nature and essence of environment as manifested in the case study area. methodology of the research was based on the...

The robustness of laminar wings is critical, both against instabilities that can unexpectedly trigger transition and off-design conditions outside the cruise point. However, current inverse design methodologies not only provide suboptimal configurations but are unable to come up with robust configurations. objective this paper development demonstration a framework for direct transonic natural f...

urban landscape structural analysis; focused on the remnant patch mosaic network as the component with closest interdependency with air and water related processes was undertaken to find and propose environmental planning suggestions.assessments demonstrate that remnant patch mosaic network structure of tehran is still restorable. with appropriate corrective measures based on the natural lay ou...

Design of a natural dry cooling tower has been accomplished in two sections: the design of heat exchangers and the numerical solution of flow through the tower. Heat exchanger (Heller type) has been simulated thermodynamically and then coupled with a computer program, which calculated the turbulent natural convection flow through the tower. The computer program developed for this purpose can be...

Design of a natural dry cooling tower has been accomplished in two sections: the design of heat exchangers and the numerical solution of flow through the tower. Heat exchanger (Heller type) has been simulated thermodynamically and then coupled with a computer program, which calculated the turbulent natural convection flow through the tower. The computer program developed for this purpose can be...

The actions and activities of average Americans contribute greatly to global warming, fossil fuel consumption, natural resource depletion, and other environmentallyrelated threats to humankind. Currently, the negative impacts of these actions are most commonly addressed through "green" design strategies that utilize largely technological solutions to increase the resource efficiency of the buil...

Environmental design goals Environmental conditions within the laboratories and their support spaces demand high volumes of treated air to maintain safe and comfortable working conditions for research staff and their students. The overall design team environmental conditions objectives were to design a building with a DSF to the offices, which reduces the annual energy consumption. The design g...

the strategies to reduce the consumption of non-renewable energies in buildings are becoming increasingly important. in the meantime, nature-inspired approaches have emerged as a new strategy to achieve thermal comfort in the interiors. however, the use of these approaches in architecture and buildings requires a proper understanding regarding the features of ecosystems. although acquiring this...