ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels play important roles in regulating insulin secretion, controlling vascular tone, and protecting cells against metabolic stresses. K(ATP) channels are heterooctamers of four pore-forming inwardly rectifying (Kir6.2) subunits and four sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits. K(ATP) channels containing SUR1 (e.g. pancreatic) and SUR2A (e.g. cardiac) display d...

development of pore network models for real porous media requires a detailed understanding of physical processes occurring on the microscopic scale and a complete description of porous media morphology. in this study, the microstructure of porous media has been represented by three dimensional networks of interconnected pores and throats which are designed by an object oriented approach. afterw...

Fractional calculus; Conformable operators; Calculus on time scales Abstract A conformable time-scale fractional calculus of order a 2 0; 1 is introduced. The basic tools for fractional differentiation and fractional integration are then developed. The Hilger timescale calculus is obtained as a particular case, by choosing a 1⁄4 1. a 2015 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on ...

Background: Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is an anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) which influences the ovarian structure and function. We assessed the effects of ND on the ovarian volume, number of primordial follicles, and level of hormones and also evaluated the modulatory effects of gonadotropins on the histopathological changes imposed by the administration of ND. Methods: Six groups of Sprague...

An Nd doped ZnO (1-5%) photocatalyst was successfully synthesized via chemical co-precipitation method. The optical property, nature, and morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-Visible, XRD, and FESEM respectively. XRD study reveals that Nd has been effectively incorporated in the ZnO lattice in the lower level dosage; however, the crystalline nature has been distor...

A solution is developed for the buildup, steady, and postarrest dissipative pore fluid pressure fields that develop around a conical penetrometer that self-embeds from free-fall into the seabed. Arrest from free-fall considers deceleration under undrained conditions in a purely cohesive soil, with constant shear strength with depth. The resulting decelerating velocity field is controlled by soi...

ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channels composed of potassium inward-rectifier type 6.2 and sulfonylurea receptor type 1 subunits (Kir6.2/SUR1)4 are expressed in various cells in the brain and endocrine pancreas where they couple metabolic status to membrane potential. In β-cells, increases in cytosolic [ATP/ADP]c inhibit KATP channel activity, leading to membrane depolarization and exocytosis of in...

Advances in imaging and reductionist approaches have provided a high-resolution understanding of nuclear pore complex structure and transport, revealing unexpected mechanistic complexities based on nucleoporin functions and specialized import and export pathways.

Structural determination of the nuclear pore complex has been limited by the complexity and size of this cellular megalith. By taking advantage of exceptionally stable nucleoporins from the thermophilic fungus Chaetomium thermophilum, Amlacher et al. (2011) provide new insight into a core element of the nuclear pore scaffold.