Rationale: The impaired function of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) is a determinant in the development of osteoporosis (OP). Recent researches have proved that autophagy plays an important role in maintenance of skeletal phenotype. However, whether autophagy affects the development of OP through regulating the function of BMMSCs remains elusive. Methods: Ovariectomy (OVX...

Bone injury following radiotherapy has been confirmed by epidemiological and animal studies. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated and no preventive or curative solution has been identified for this bone loss. The present study aimed to investigate the irradiation‑altered osteogenesis and adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). BMSCs were derived and exp...

Rapamycin slows organismal aging and delays age-related diseases, extending lifespan in numerous species. In cells, rapamycin and other rapalogs such as everolimus suppress geroconversion from quiescence to senescence. Rapamycin inhibits some, but not all, activities of mTOR. Recently we and others demonstrated that pan-mTOR inhibitors, known also as dual mTORC1/C2 inhibitors, suppress senescen...

Synaptosomal-associated protein 23 (SNAP23) is a SNARE protein expressed abundantly in human skeletal muscle. Its established role is to mediate insulin-stimulated docking and fusion of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) with the plasma membrane. Recent in vitro research has proposed that SNAP23 may also play a role in the fusion of growing lipid droplets (LDs) and the channeling of LD-derived fatty...

A case of accidental Freon 22 (monochlorodifluoromethane) poisoning in a fishing vessel is reported. Forensic autopsy revealed severe pulmonary edema and congestion (left lung; 576 g, right lung; 740 g). GC-MS analysis clearly showed that the deceased inhaled Freon 22 gas prior to his death. Freon 22 concentration was 169+/-7.0 microg/ml in the heart blood. The distribution pattern of Freon 22 ...

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a useful vertebrate model for use in cardiovascular drug discovery. The present study aimed to construct optimized methods for the study of intravascular lipid metabolism of zebrafish. The lipophilic dye, Oil Red O, was used to stain fasting zebrafish one to eight days post-fertilization (dpf) and to stain 7-dpf zebrafish incubated in a breeding system containing ...

AIMS To study the frequency and nature of histiocytes in the splenic red pulp of infants who died following complicated immaturity/prematurity. METHODS Twenty four preterm/immature infants were investigated. Frozen sections of formalin fixed splenic tissue were stained with Oil Red O. Paraffin wax sections from the same tissue were conventionally stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Immunohis...

Introduction: Skeletal staining is an important part of anatomical studies which can evaluate macroscopic disorders in bones and cartilages development. The aim of the present article is to illustrate two distinct protocols by all details in order to stain skeletal system of the lab animals in all ages of their lives so it becomes easy for future studies in this field. Methods: In this pa...

Lactoferrin accelerates the differentiation of osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage cells, whereas it inhibits the myogenic and adipogenic differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells; however, the effect of lactoferrin on the differentiation of preadipocytes is unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of lactoferrin on adipogenic differentiation using a mouse preadipocyte cell line, M...