identification of the factors causing change in policy process plays an important role in implementing healthy policy process. narrative policy framework introduces new concepts and tools to identify the factors causing policy change. one of the important variables in narrative policy framework is narrative structure. narrative structure has so many elements which the main one is plot. plot lin...

In this paper, a mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed to integrate batch picking and distribution scheduling problems in order to optimize them simultaneously in an order picking warehouse. A tow-phase heuristic algorithm is presented to solve it in reasonable time. The first phase uses a genetic algorithm to evaluate and select permutations of the given set of customers. The seco...

As a fundamental problem in algorithmic trading, order execution aims at fulfilling specific trading order, either liquidation or acquirement, for given instrument. Towards effective strategy, recent years have witnessed the shift from analytical view with model-based market assumptions to model-free perspective, i.e., reinforcement learning, due its nature of sequential decision optimization. ...

It is important to share demand information among the members in supply chains. In recent years, production and inventory systems with advance demand information (ADI) have been discussed, where advance demand information means the information of demand which the decision maker obtains before the corresponding actual demand arrives. Appropriate production and inventory control using demand info...

Background: Islam as a comprehensive religion rooted in human nature and revealed in order to respond to basic human needs has broadened the ethics of its criminal policy to include crime, crime and punishment. In keeping with each other and with the other rules of this religion, it has set guidelines and values ​​based on ethics and principles for avoiding crime in the community if the Prophet...

the focus on public policy and health equity is discussed in reference to the current global health policy discussion on universal health coverage (uhc). this initiative has strong commitment from the leadership of the international organizations involved, but a lack of policy clarity outside of the health financing component may limit the initiative’s impact on health inequity. in order to add...

The policy-based reinforcement learning (RL) can be considered as maximization of its objective. However, due to the inherent non-concavity objective, policy gradient method a first-order stationary point (FOSP) cannot guar- antee maximal point. A FOSP minimal or even saddle point, which is undesirable for RL. It has found that if all points are strict, second-order station- ary (SOSP) exactly ...