Government agencies lack robust modelling tools to manage the spread of invasive alien species (IAS). In this paper, we combine optimal control and simulation methods with biological invasion spread theory to estimate the type of optimal policy and switching point of control efforts against a spreading IAS. We employ information-gap (info-gap) theory to assess how the optimal solutions differ f...

Deciding shipment size is important in freight transport: it depends on the logistical imperatives of shippers and the technical possibilities of carriers. Shipment size choice is also closely related to transportation mode; it is therefore important from a public policy perspective. The theory of optimal shipment size and mode choice is robust. There are many inventory-theoretical models of op...

1.1 The question how much income inequality is acceptable All modern nations engage in active income redistribution and have a system that taxes the wealthy to a greater extent than the poor. Redistributive policies are accompanied by a continuous discussion on the question of how much income inequality is justified (e.g. Pen and Tinbergen, 1977; Sen, 1997). This discussion has an important ide...

This paper develops a model in which platforms are partially binding: a candidate who implements a policy different from his platform must pay a cost of betrayal that increases with the size of the discrepancy. I also suppose that voters are uncertain about candidate preferences for policies. If voters believe that a candidate is likely to be extreme, there exists a semi-separating equilibrium:...

Background: Climate change, largely triggered by human-induced greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, seems unstoppable. There was a strong rebound of anthropogenic emissions CO2, the preponderant GHG in terms contribution to global warming, around world after COVID-19 lockdown. Also, there is still no widely accepted international treaty on curbing CH...

generally ordering policies are done by two methods, including fix order quantity (foq) and fix order period (fop). these methods are static and either the quantity of ordering or the procedure of ordering is fixing in throughout time horizon. in real environments, demand is varying in any period and may be considered as uncertainty. when demand is variable in any period, the traditional and st...

In this paper we give a comparative overview on research works dealing with replenishment policies. Following recalls of the inventory control concepts, a recent literature review is given relating to spare parts. Cited works are classified into two categories, those who consider inventory control as statistic and the others, as dynamic. For each category, works about economic order quantity an...